Lalacewar da aka saba gani da kuma yadda za a hana su?
Lalacewar da aka saba samu a samar da faifan birki: ramin iska, ramukan raguwa, ramin yashi, da sauransu; Matsakaicin da nau'in graphite a cikin tsarin ƙarfe ya wuce misali, ko kuma ma'aunin adadin carbide; Taurin Brinell da yawa yana haifar da wahalar sarrafawa ko rashin tauri; Tsarin graphite yana da kauri, halayen injina ba su kai matsayin da aka saba ba, rashin tauri ba shi da kyau bayan an sarrafa shi, kuma bayyanannen porosity akan saman simintin shima yana faruwa lokaci zuwa lokaci.
1. Samuwa da hana ramukan iska: ramukan iska suna ɗaya daga cikin lahani da aka fi samu a cikin simintin faifan birki. Sassan faifan birki ƙanana ne kuma siriri, saurin sanyaya da ƙarfafawa yana da sauri, kuma akwai ƙarancin yiwuwar hazo da ramukan iska da kuma ramukan iska masu amsawa. Tushen yashi mai ɗaure mai mai yana da babban samar da iskar gas. Idan yawan danshi na mold ya wuce, waɗannan abubuwa biyu galibi suna haifar da ramuka masu mamayewa a cikin simintin. An gano cewa idan danshi na yashi mai ƙira ya wuce, ƙimar ɓarnar porosity yana ƙaruwa sosai; A wasu simintin yashi mai siriri, shaƙewa (ƙanƙantar ramuka) da ramukan saman (harsashi) galibi suna bayyana. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da hanyar akwatin akwatin zafi na yashi mai rufi, ramuka suna da matuƙar tsanani saboda yawan samar da iskar gas; Gabaɗaya, faifan birki mai kauri na yashi ba kasafai yake da lahani a cikin ramukan iska ba;
2. Samar da ramin iska: iskar gas da aka samar daga tsakiyar yashin diski na jefa faifan birki a zafin jiki mai yawa zai gudana zuwa waje ko ciki a kwance ta cikin gibin yashi na tsakiya a ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun. Tsakiyar yashin diski ya zama siriri, hanyar iskar gas ta zama kunkuntar kuma juriyar kwararar ruwa ta ƙaru. A wani yanayi, lokacin da ƙarfen da aka narke ya nutsar da tsakiyar yashin diski cikin sauri, babban iskar gas zai fashe; Ko kuma ƙarfen da aka narke mai zafi mai yawa tare da yawan yashi mai yawa (haɗakar yashi mara daidaituwa) a wani wuri, yana haifar da fashewar iskar gas, ƙonewa da kuma haifar da ramuka masu shaƙa; A wani yanayi kuma, iskar gas mai ƙarfi da aka samar ta mamaye ƙarfen da aka narke kuma tana shawagi sama da gudu. Lokacin da mold ɗin ba zai iya fitar da shi akan lokaci ba, iskar gas ɗin zai bazu zuwa wani yanki na iskar gas tsakanin ƙarfen da aka narke da ƙasan saman mold ɗin, yana mamaye wani ɓangare na sararin da ke saman saman faifan. Idan ƙarfen da aka narke yana tauri, ko kuma ɗanko ya yi girma kuma ya rasa ruwa, sararin da iskar gas ɗin ta mamaye ba za a iya sake cika shi ba, Zai bar ramukan saman. Gabaɗaya, idan iskar gas da zuciyar ke samarwa ba za ta iya tashi sama ta fita ta cikin ƙarfen da aka narke a kan lokaci ba, zai ci gaba da kasancewa a saman faifan, wani lokacin a fallasa shi a matsayin rami ɗaya, wani lokacin a fallasa shi bayan harbin bindiga don cire sikelin oxide, wani lokacin kuma a same shi bayan injin, wanda zai haifar da ɓatar da lokutan sarrafawa. Lokacin da zuciyar faifan birki ya yi kauri, yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin ƙarfen da aka narke ya tashi ta cikin zuciyar faifan ya nutsar da tsakiyar faifan. Kafin nutsewa, iskar gas da zuciyar ke samarwa tana da ƙarin lokaci don gudana cikin 'yanci zuwa saman saman zuciyar ta hanyar rata na yashi, kuma juriyar kwarara zuwa waje ko ciki a cikin alkiblar kwance ma ƙarami ne. Saboda haka, ba kasafai ake samun lahani a cikin ramukan saman ba, amma ramukan da aka keɓe daban-daban na iya faruwa. Wato, akwai babban girma don samar da ramuka masu shaƙewa ko ramukan saman tsakanin kauri da kauri na tsakiyar yashi. Da zarar kauri na tsakiyar yashi ya yi ƙasa da wannan girman mai mahimmanci, za a sami babban yanayin ramuka. Wannan muhimmin girma yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar girman radial na faifan birki da kuma rage girman tsakiyar faifan. Zafin jiki muhimmin abu ne da ke shafar ramuka. Iron ɗin da aka narke yana shiga cikin ramin mold daga sprue na ciki, yana ketare tsakiyar tsakiya lokacin cike diskin, kuma yana haɗuwa da sprue na ciki. Saboda tsari mai tsawo, zafin jiki yana raguwa sosai, kuma ɗanko yana ƙaruwa daidai gwargwado, ingantaccen lokacin kumfa don shawagi da fitarwa yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci, kuma ƙarfen da aka narke zai taurare kafin iskar ta fita gaba ɗaya, don haka ramuka suna da sauƙin faruwa. Saboda haka, ana iya tsawaita lokacin da kumfa ke iyo da fitar da iska ta hanyar ƙara zafin ƙarfen da aka narke a diskin da ke gaban sprue na ciki.
