Na kowa lahani da kuma yadda za a hana su?
Lalacewar gama gari a cikin samar da diski na birki: rami na iska, raguwar porosity, rami yashi, da sauransu; Matsakaici da nau'in graphite a cikin tsarin metallographic sun wuce ma'auni, ko ma'aunin adadin carbide; Maɗaukakin taurin Brinell yana kaiwa ga aiki mai wahala ko rashin daidaituwa; Tsarin graphite yana da ƙaƙƙarfa, kayan aikin injiniya ba su kai daidai ba, rashin ƙarfi ba shi da kyau bayan sarrafawa, kuma ƙarancin ƙarancin da ke kan simintin ma yana faruwa lokaci zuwa lokaci.
1. Samar da rigakafin ramukan iska: ramukan iska suna daya daga cikin mafi yawan lahani na simintin faifan birki. Sassan diski na birki ƙanana ne kuma sirara, sanyaya da saurin ƙarfafawa yana da sauri, kuma akwai ɗan yuwuwar hazo ramukan iska da ramukan iska. The mai mai ɗaure yashi core yana da babban gas tsara. Idan abin da ke cikin gyaɗa ya yi girma, waɗannan abubuwa biyu sukan haifar da ɓarna a cikin simintin gyaran kafa. An gano cewa idan abun ciki na yashi gyare-gyaren ya wuce, yawan raguwar porosity yana ƙaruwa sosai; A wasu simintin simintin simintin gyare-gyaren yashi, shaƙewa (shakewar pores) da ƙurar ƙura (harsashi) sukan bayyana. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da hanyar akwatin akwatin zafi mai rufaffiyar yashi, pores suna da mahimmanci musamman saboda yawan samar da iskar gas; Gabaɗaya, faifan birki mai kauri mai kauri ba kasafai yake da lahani ramin iska;
2. Samar da rami na iska: iskar gas ɗin da diski yashi ya haifar da simintin faifan birki a babban zafin jiki zai gudana a waje ko ciki a kwance ta cikin babban yashi a ƙarƙashin yanayin al'ada. Ƙwararren yashi na diski ya zama mai laushi, hanyar gas ya zama kunkuntar kuma ƙarfin juriya yana ƙaruwa. A cikin wani yanayi, lokacin da narkakken ƙarfe da sauri ya nutsar da ɗigon yashin diski, babban adadin gas zai fashe; Ko narkakken ƙarfe mai zafi mai zafi tare da yawan yashi mai yawan ruwa (haɗin yashi marar daidaituwa) a wani wuri, yana haifar da fashewar iskar gas, shaƙewa wuta da haifar da ramuka; A wani yanayin kuma, iskar gas ɗin da aka kafa mai matsananciyar matsi ta mamaye narkakken ƙarfen kuma ya tashi sama ya tsere. Lokacin da kyallen ba zai iya fitar da shi a cikin lokaci ba, iskar gas zai bazu zuwa wani yanki na iskar gas tsakanin narkakken ƙarfe da ƙasan saman gyaggyarawa na sama, yana mamaye wani yanki na sararin samaniya a saman saman diski. Idan narkakkar baƙin ƙarfe yana ƙarfafawa, ko danko yana da girma kuma ya rasa ruwa, ba za a iya cika sararin da iskar gas ke ciki ba, Zai bar pores na saman. Gabaɗaya, idan iskar da ke haifar da cibiya ba zai iya yin iyo ba kuma ya tsere ta cikin narkakkar ƙarfe a cikin lokaci, zai tsaya a saman saman diski, wani lokaci yana fallasa a matsayin pore guda ɗaya, wani lokacin yana fallasa bayan fashewar fashewa don cire ma'aunin oxide. kuma a wasu lokuta ana samun su bayan injiniyoyi, wanda zai haifar da asarar sa'o'in sarrafawa. Lokacin da faifan diski ya yi kauri, yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin narkakken ƙarfe ya tashi ta cikin faifan diski kuma ya nutsar da tsakiyar diski. Kafin nutsewa, iskar gas ɗin da ke haifar da shi yana da ƙarin lokaci don gudana cikin yardar kaina zuwa saman saman tsakiya ta cikin ratar yashi, kuma juriya na gudana a waje ko ciki ta hanyar kwance shima kadan ne. Don haka, ba kasafai ake samun lahani a saman fage ba, amma rabe-raben pores na iya faruwa. Wato, akwai ma'auni mai mahimmanci don samar da ramukan shaƙa ko ramukan saman ƙasa tsakanin kauri da kauri na tsakiyar yashi. Da zarar kauri daga cikin yashi core ne kasa da wannan m girma, za a yi tsanani hali na pores. Wannan mahimmin girman yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓakar girman radial na faifan birki kuma tare da bakin ciki na diski. Zazzabi abu ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke shafar porosity. Narkar da baƙin ƙarfe yana shiga cikin kogon ƙura daga ciki, yana ƙetare tsakiyar tsakiya lokacin da yake cika fayafai, kuma ya haɗu da saɓanin sprue na ciki. Saboda da ɗan gajeren tsari, yawan zafin jiki yana raguwa da yawa, kuma danko yana ƙaruwa daidai da haka, lokacin tasiri don kumfa don yin iyo da fitarwa yana da gajeren lokaci, kuma narkar da baƙin ƙarfe zai ƙarfafa kafin gas ɗin ya ƙare gaba daya, don haka pores yana da sauƙi don saukewa. faruwa. Sabili da haka, ingantaccen lokacin kumfa yana iyo da fitarwa za a iya tsawaita ta hanyar ƙara narkakken ƙarfe zafin jiki a faifan da ke gaban sprue na ciki.
