Idan mutane suka yi magana game da babura masu ƙafa uku da wasu ƙananan motoci da ƙananan motoci, sau da yawa suna cewa wannan gatari yana iyo sosai, kuma gatari yana iyo rabin-shawagi. Me ma'anar "full float" da "semi-float" a nan? Bari mu amsa wannan tambayar a ƙasa.
Abin da ake kira "full-floating" da "semi-floating" yana nufin nau'in tallafin hawa ga sandunan axle na motoci. Kamar yadda muka sani, rabin shaft wani shaft ne mai ƙarfi wanda ke watsa karfin juyi tsakanin bambancin da ƙafafun tuƙi. Gefen ciki an haɗa shi da gear na gefe ta hanyar spline, kuma gefen waje an haɗa shi da cibiyar ƙafafun tuƙi tare da flange. Tunda rabin shaft yana buƙatar ɗaukar babban ƙarfin juyi, ana buƙatar ƙarfinsa ya zama mai girma sosai. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da ƙarfe mai ƙarfe kamar 40Cr, 40CrMo ko 40MnB don kashewa da rage zafi da kuma maganin kashewa mai yawa. Niƙa, zuciyar tana da ƙarfi mai kyau, tana iya jure babban ƙarfin juyi, kuma tana iya jure wani nauyin tasiri, wanda zai iya biyan buƙatun motoci a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.
Dangane da nau'ikan tallafi daban-daban na rabin shafts, rabin shafts an raba su zuwa nau'i biyu: "full iyo" da "semi-floating". Asali mai cike da shafts da rabin shafts da muke yawan magana a kai a zahiri suna nufin nau'in rabin shaft. "Float" a nan yana nufin nauyin lanƙwasawa bayan an cire shaft ɗin axis.
Abin da ake kira cikakken shaft mai iyo yana nufin cewa rabin shaft yana ɗaukar ƙarfin juyi ne kawai kuma baya ɗaukar wani lokacin lanƙwasawa. Gefen ciki na irin wannan rabin shaft yana da alaƙa da gear gefen daban-daban ta hanyar splines, kuma gefen waje yana da farantin flange, wanda aka haɗa shi da cibiyar ƙafafun ta hanyar ƙusoshi, kuma cibiyar ƙafafun tana kan axle ta hanyar bearings biyu masu tauri. Ta wannan hanyar, ana watsa girgiza da rawar jiki daban-daban zuwa ƙafafun, da kuma nauyin abin hawa, daga ƙafafun zuwa cibiyoyin sannan zuwa ga axles, waɗanda a ƙarshe gidajen axle ke ɗauke da su. Shafts ɗin axle suna aika ƙarfin juyi ne kawai daga bambancin zuwa ƙafafun don tuƙa motar. A cikin wannan tsari, ƙarshen rabin shaft duka suna ɗaukar ƙarfin juyi ne kawai ba tare da wani lokacin lanƙwasa ba, don haka ana kiransa "full iyo". Hoto mai zuwa yana nuna tsari da shigarwar cikakken shaft na mota. Tsarin gininsa shine cewa an sanya cibiyar ƙafafun a kan gatari ta hanyar bearings guda biyu masu lanƙwasa, an sanya ƙafafun a kan cibiyar ƙafafun, ƙarfin tallafi yana tafiya kai tsaye zuwa ga gatari, kuma rabin shaft yana wucewa ta ciki. An haɗa sukurori takwas a kan cibiyar kuma suna aika ƙarfin juyi zuwa cibiyar, suna tura ƙafafun don juyawa.
Rabin shaft ɗin da ke cike da ruwa yana da sauƙin wargazawa da maye gurbinsa, kuma rabin shaft ɗin za a iya cire shi ne kawai ta hanyar cire ƙusoshin da aka gyara a kan farantin flange na rabin shaft ɗin. Duk da haka, dukkan nauyin motar bayan cire rabin shaft ɗin yana da alaƙa da gidan axle, kuma har yanzu ana iya ajiye shi a ƙasa da aminci; rashin amfani shine cewa tsarin yana da rikitarwa kuma ingancin sassan yana da girma. Ita ce nau'in da aka fi amfani da shi a cikin motoci, kuma yawancin manyan motoci masu sauƙi, matsakaici da nauyi, motocin da ba sa kan hanya da motocin fasinja suna amfani da wannan nau'in shaft ɗin axle.
Abin da ake kira rabin shaft mai iyo na rabin-floating yana nufin cewa rabin shaft ba wai kawai yana ɗaukar ƙarfin juyi ba ne, har ma yana ɗaukar lokacin lanƙwasawa. Gefen ciki na irin wannan shaft mai axle yana da alaƙa da gear gefe daban-daban ta hanyar splines, ƙarshen waje na shaft mai axle yana da goyan baya akan gidan axle ta hanyar bearing, kuma an ɗora ƙafafun a tsaye akan cantilever a ƙarshen waje na shaft mai axle. Ta wannan hanyar, ƙarfi daban-daban da ke aiki akan ƙafafun da lokutan lanƙwasa da suka biyo baya ana watsa su kai tsaye zuwa ga rabin shafts, sannan zuwa gidan axle mai tuƙi ta hanyar bearings. Lokacin da motar ke aiki, rabin shafts ba wai kawai suna tuƙi ƙafafun don juyawa ba, har ma suna tuƙi ƙafafun don juyawa. Don tallafawa cikakken nauyin motar. Ƙarshen ciki na rabin shaft yana ɗaukar ƙarfin juyi kawai amma ba lokacin lanƙwasa ba, yayin da ƙarshen waje yana ɗaukar ƙarfin juyi da cikakken lokacin lanƙwasawa, don haka ana kiransa "semi-floating". Hoto mai zuwa yana nuna tsari da shigarwa na rabin-shaft mai iyo na mota. Siffar tsarinsa ita ce ƙarshen waje an daidaita shi kuma an tallafa shi akan beyar mai lanƙwasa mai lanƙwasa mai saman da maɓalli da cibiya, kuma ƙarfin axial na waje yana motsawa ta hanyar beyar mai lanƙwasa mai lanƙwasa. Beyar, ƙarfin axial na ciki yana tafiya zuwa beyar mai lanƙwasa mai lanƙwasa na ɗayan gefen rabin shaft ta hanyar zamiya.
Tsarin tallafin rabin shaft mai kama da na rabin-shaft yana da ƙanƙanta kuma yana da sauƙin nauyi, amma ƙarfin rabin shaft yana da rikitarwa, kuma rabuwa da haɗa shi ba shi da sauƙi. Idan aka cire shaft ɗin axle, ba za a iya ɗaukar motar a ƙasa ba. Gabaɗaya ana iya amfani da shi ne kawai ga ƙananan motocin bas da ƙananan motoci masu ƙananan kaya, ƙaramin diamita na ƙafa da kuma axle na baya, kamar jerin Wu ling na gama gari da jerin Song hua jiang.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-04-2022