Saitin SAIC MAXUS V80 na asali na kayan dumama - Na ƙasa biyar 0281002667

Na'urar firikwensin matsayi na Camshaft na'urar firikwensin ce, wacce kuma ake kira da na'urar firikwensin siginar synchronous, na'urar sanya siginar nuna bambanci a silinda ce, siginar sanya siginar matsayi na camshaft zuwa ECU, ita ce siginar sarrafa kunna wuta.

1, aiki da nau'in Na'urar Firikwensin Matsayi ta Camshaft (CPS), aikinsa shine tattara siginar kusurwar motsi ta Camshaft, da kuma na'urar sarrafa wutar lantarki (ECU), domin tantance lokacin kunnawa da lokacin allurar mai. Na'urar Firikwensin Matsayi ta Camshaft (CPS) kuma ana kiranta da Na'urar Firikwensin Shaidar Silinda (CIS), domin bambanta daga Na'urar Firikwensin Matsayi ta Crankshaft (CPS), galibi ana wakilta na'urorin firikwensin matsayi na Camshaft ta hanyar CIS. Aikin na'urar firikwensin matsayi na camshaft shine tattara siginar matsayi na camshaft na rarraba iskar gas sannan a shigar da ita zuwa ECU, don ECU ta iya gano tsakiyar matsewa ta saman silinda 1, don aiwatar da sarrafa allurar mai a jere, sarrafa lokacin kunnawa da sarrafa cirewa. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da siginar matsayi na camshaft don gano lokacin kunnawa na farko yayin fara injin. Saboda na'urar firikwensin matsayi na camshaft na iya gano wane piston na silinda zai isa TDC, ana kiransa da na'urar firikwensin gane silinda. photoelectric Halayen tsari na na'urar firikwensin matsayi na Photoelectric crankshaft da camshaft da kamfanin Nissan ya samar an inganta su daga mai rarrabawa, galibi ta hanyar faifan sigina (rotor sigina), janareta sigina, kayan aikin rarrabawa, wurin firikwensin da toshe waya. Faifan sigina shine na'urar firikwensin sigina, wanda aka matse akan shaft ɗin firikwensin. A matsayin kusa da gefen farantin sigina don yin da'irori biyu na ramuka masu haske a ciki da waje. Daga cikinsu, an yi zoben waje da ramuka masu haske 360 ​​(rami), kuma radian na tazara shine 1. (Ramin mai haske ya kai 0.5., ramin inuwa ya kai 0.5.), ana amfani da shi don samar da juyawar crankshaft da siginar gudu; Akwai ramuka 6 masu haske (rectangular L) a cikin zoben ciki, tare da tazara ta radian 60. , ana amfani da shi don samar da siginar TDC na kowace silinda, daga ciki akwai murabba'i mai faɗi mai ɗan tsayi kaɗan don samar da siginar TDC na silinda 1. An sanya janareta siginar a kan gidan firikwensin, wanda ya ƙunshi janareta siginar Ne (gudu da siginar kusurwa), janareta siginar G (siginar tsakiya ta sama) da kuma da'irar sarrafa siginar. Siginar Ne da janareta siginar G sun ƙunshi diode mai fitar da haske (LED) da transistor mai karɓar hoto (ko diode mai karɓar hoto), LED guda biyu kai tsaye suna fuskantar transistor masu karɓar hoto guda biyu bi da bi. Ka'idar aiki naDisk ɗin siginar an sanya shi tsakanin diode mai fitar da haske (LED) da transistor mai karɓar hoto (ko photodiode). Lokacin da ramin watsa haske akan faifai na siginar ke juyawa tsakanin LED da transistor mai karɓar hoto, hasken da LED ke fitarwa zai haskaka transistor mai karɓar hoto, a wannan lokacin transistor mai karɓar hoto yana kunne, mai tattara shi yana fitar da ƙarancin matakin (0.1 ~ O. 3V); Lokacin da ɓangaren inuwa na faifan siginar ke juyawa tsakanin LED da transistor mai saurin daukar hoto, hasken da LED ke fitarwa ba zai iya haskaka transistor mai saurin daukar hoto ba, a wannan lokacin transistor mai saurin daukar hoto ya yanke, mai tattara shi yana fitar da babban matakin (4.8 ~ 5.2V). Idan faifan siginar ya ci gaba da juyawa, ramin watsawa da ɓangaren inuwa za su juya LED zuwa watsawa ko inuwa, kuma mai tara transistor mai saurin daukar hoto zai fitar da matakai masu girma da ƙasa. Lokacin da axis na firikwensin tare da crankshaft da camshaft ke juyawa tare da, ramin hasken sigina akan farantin da sashin inuwa tsakanin LED da juyawar transistor mai saurin daukar hoto, farantin siginar hasken LED na gaban haske da tasirin inuwa zai canza hasken zuwa ga mai samar da siginar transistor mai saurin daukar hoto, ana samar da siginar firikwensin kuma ana samar da matsayin crankshaft da camshaft daidai da siginar bugun jini. Tunda crankshaft yana juyawa sau biyu, shaft na firikwensin yana juya siginar sau ɗaya, don haka firikwensin siginar G zai samar da bugun jini shida. Firikwensin siginar Ne zai samar da siginar bugun jini 360. Domin tazara tsakanin ramin watsa haske na siginar G shine 60. Kuma 120 a kowace juyawa na crankshaft. Yana samar da siginar motsawa, don haka yawanci ana kiran siginar G 120. Siginar. Garantin shigarwa na ƙira 120. Sigina 70 kafin TDC. (BTDC70., kuma siginar da ramin mai haske ya samar tare da faɗin murabba'i mai ɗan tsayi ya yi daidai da 70 kafin tsakiyar saman matacce na silinda na injin 1. Don haka ECU zai iya sarrafa ci gaba da allurar ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba. Saboda tazara tsakanin ramin watsa siginar Ne shine 1. (Ramin mai haske ya yi daidai da 0.5., ramin inuwa ya yi daidai da 0.5.), don haka a cikin kowane zagayowar bugun jini, babban matakin da ƙananan matakin suna yin daidai da 1 bi da bi. Juyawar crankshaft, sigina 360 suna nuna juyawar crankshaft 720. Kowace juyawar crankshaft shine 120. , Firikwensin siginar G yana samar da sigina ɗaya, Firikwensin siginar Ne yana samar da sigina 60. Nau'in shigarwar Magnetic Firikwensin matsayi na maganadisu za a iya raba shi zuwa nau'in Hall da nau'in magnetoelectric. Na farko yana amfani da tasirin hall don samar da siginar matsayi tare da madaidaicin girma, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1. Na biyun yana amfani da ƙa'idar shigarwar maganadisu don samar da siginar matsayi wanda girmansa ya bambanta da mita. Girmansa ya bambanta da saurin daga ɗaruruwan millivolts zuwa ɗaruruwan volts, da kuma girma Ya bambanta sosai. Ga cikakken bayani game da ƙa'idar aiki ta firikwensin: Ka'idar aiki ta Hanyar da layin ƙarfin maganadisu ke wucewa ita ce gibin iska tsakanin sandar maganadisu ta dindindin N da rotor, haƙorin mai juyawa, gibin iska tsakanin haƙorin mai juyawa da kan maganadisu na stator, kan maganadisu, farantin jagorar maganadisu da kuma sandar maganadisu ta dindindin S. Lokacin da mai juyawar siginar ke juyawa, gibin iska a cikin da'irar maganadisu zai canza lokaci-lokaci, kuma juriyar maganadisu ta da'irar maganadisu da kwararar maganadisu ta cikin kan maganadisu za su canza lokaci-lokaci. Dangane da ƙa'idar shigarwar lantarki, za a haifar da ƙarfin lantarki mai canzawa a cikin na'urar ji. Lokacin da mai juyawar siginar ke juyawa a hannun agogo, gibin iska tsakanin haƙoran mai juyawa da kan maganadisu yana raguwa, rashin son da'irar maganadisu yana raguwa, kwararar maganadisu φ yana ƙaruwa, ƙimar canjin maganadisu yana ƙaruwa (dφ/dt>0), kuma ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar E yana da kyau (E>0). Lokacin da haƙoran mai juyawa na rotor suka kusa da gefen kan maganadisu, kwararar maganadisu φ yana ƙaruwa sosai, ƙimar canjin maganadisu shine mafi girma [D φ/dt=(dφ/dt) Max], kuma ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar E shine mafi girma (E=Emax). Bayan na'urar juyawa ta juya a kusa da matsayin wurin B, kodayake kwararar maganadisu φ har yanzu tana ƙaruwa, amma saurin canjin kwararar maganadisu yana raguwa, don haka ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar E yana raguwa. Lokacin da na'urar juyawa ta juya zuwa layin tsakiya na haƙorin mai lanƙwasa da layin tsakiya na kan maganadisu, kodayake rata tsakanin haƙorin mai lanƙwasa na rotor da kan maganadisu shine mafi ƙanƙanta, juriyar maganadisu na da'irar maganadisu ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta, kuma kwararar maganadisu φ ita ce mafi girma, amma saboda kwararar maganadisu ba za ta iya ci gaba da ƙaruwa ba, ƙimar canjin kwararar maganadisu sifili ne, don haka ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar E sifili ne. Lokacin da na'urar juyawa ta ci gaba da juyawa tare da alkiblar agogo kuma haƙorin mai lanƙwasa ya bar kan maganadisu, rata tsakanin haƙorin mai lanƙwasa da kan maganadisu yana ƙaruwa, rashin son da'irar maganadisu yana ƙaruwa, kuma kwararar maganadisu yana raguwa (dφ/dt< 0), don haka ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar E ya zama mara kyau. Lokacin da Hakorin mai lanƙwasa yana juyawa zuwa gefen barin kan maganadisu, kwararar maganadisu φ tana raguwa da ƙarfi, ƙimar canjin kwararar ta kai matsakaicin mara kyau [D φ/df=-(dφ/dt) Max], kuma ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar E shi ma yana kaiwa matsakaicin mara kyau (E= -emax). Don haka ana iya ganin cewa duk lokacin da na'urar juyawar siginar ta juya haƙorin mai lanƙwasa, na'urar firikwensin za ta samar da ƙarfin lantarki mai canzawa na lokaci-lokaci, wato, ƙarfin lantarki yana bayyana matsakaicin da ƙaramin ƙima, na'urar firikwensin za ta fitar da siginar wutar lantarki mai canzawa daidai. Babban fa'idar firikwensin mai lanƙwasa maganadisu ita ce ba ta buƙatar samar da wutar lantarki ta waje, maganadisu na dindindin yana taka rawar canza makamashin inji zuwa makamashin lantarki, kuma makamashin maganadisu ba zai ɓace ba. Lokacin da saurin injin ya canza, saurin juyawar haƙoran mai lanƙwasa na rotor zai canza, kuma ƙimar canjin kwararar a cikin zuciyar zai canza. Mafi girman saurin, mafi girman ƙimar canjin kwararar, mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki mai lanƙwasa a cikin na'urar firikwensin. Tunda gibin iska tsakanin haƙoran mai lanƙwasa na rotor da kan maganadisu yana shafar maganadisu kai tsaye. juriyar da'irar maganadisu da ƙarfin fitarwa na na'urar firikwensin, gibin iska tsakanin haƙoran rotor convex da kan maganadisu ba za a iya canza shi da son rai ba. Idan gibin iska ya canza, dole ne a daidaita shi bisa ga tanadin. Gabaɗaya an tsara gibin iska a cikin kewayon 0.2 ~ 0.4mm.2) Jetta, Santana motar magnetic induction crankshaft firikwensin matsayi na crankshaft1) Siffofin tsarin firikwensin matsayi na crankshaft: Firikwensin matsayi na magnetic induction crankshaft na Jetta AT, GTX da Santana 2000GSi an sanya shi a kan toshewar silinda kusa da kama a cikin akwati, wanda galibi ya ƙunshi janareta sigina da na'urar rotor sigina. Ana haɗa janareta sigina zuwa toshewar injin kuma ya ƙunshi maganadisu na dindindin, na'urorin ji, da filogi na wayoyi. Ana kuma kiran na'urar ji da sigina coil, kuma an haɗa kan maganadisu zuwa maganadisu na dindindin. Kan maganadisu yana gaban na'urar juyawar siginar nau'in diski na hakori da aka sanya a kan sandar juyawar, kuma kan maganadisu yana haɗe da yoke mai maganadisu (faranti na jagorar maganadisu) don samar da madauri na jagorar maganadisu. Na'urar juyawar siginar nau'in diski ne mai hakora, tare da haƙoran juyawa 58, ƙananan haƙora 57 da babban haƙori ɗaya a daidai gwargwado a kewayensa. Babban haƙori ya rasa siginar fitarwa, wanda ya yi daidai da silinda injin 1 ko silinda 4 matsawa TDC kafin wani kusurwa. Radians na manyan haƙoran daidai yake da na haƙoran juyawa biyu da ƙananan haƙora uku. Saboda na'urar juyawar siginar tana juyawa tare da sandar juyawar, kuma sandar juyawar tana juyawa sau ɗaya (360). , na'urar juyawar siginar kuma tana juyawa sau ɗaya (360). , don haka juyawar sandar juyawar da haƙoran juyawa da lahani na haƙora ke shagaltar da su a kewayen na'urar juyawar siginar shine 360. , juyawar sandar juyawar kowane hakori mai motsi da ƙaramin haƙori shine 3. (58 x 3. 57 x + 3. = 345). , Kusurwar crankshaft da aka lissafa ta babban lahani na haƙori shine 15. (2 x 3. + 3 x3. = 15). .2) yanayin aiki na firikwensin matsayin crankshaft: lokacin da firikwensin matsayin crankshaft tare da crankshaft ke juyawa, ƙa'idar aiki na firikwensin induction na maganadisu, siginar rotor kowannensu ya juya haƙori mai convex, na'urar ji za ta samar da emf mai canzawa lokaci-lokaci (ƙarfin lantarki a mafi girma da mafi ƙaranci), na'urar fitar da siginar ƙarfin lantarki mai canzawa daidai da haka. Saboda an ba wa rotor siginar babban haƙori don samar da siginar tunani, don haka lokacin da babban haƙorin ya juya kan maganadisu, ƙarfin siginar yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo, wato, siginar fitarwa siginar bugun jini ce mai faɗi, wacce ta yi daidai da wani kusurwa kafin silinda 1 ko silinda 4 matsawa TDC. Lokacin da na'urar sarrafa lantarki (ECU) ta karɓi siginar bugun jini mai faɗi, za ta iya sanin cewa matsayin TDC na silinda 1 ko 4 yana zuwa. Dangane da matsayin TDC na silinda 1 ko 4 mai zuwa, yana buƙatar ƙayyade bisa ga shigarwar siginar daga firikwensin matsayin camshaft. Tunda na'urar juyawar siginar tana da haƙoran convex guda 58, na'urar juyawar firikwensin za ta samar da siginar wutar lantarki mai canzawa guda 58 ga kowace juyawar na'urar juyawar siginar (juyin juya guda ɗaya na na'urar juyawar injuna). Duk lokacin da na'urar juyawar siginar ta juya tare da na'urar juyawar injuna, na'urar juyawar firikwensin za ta ciyar da bugun 58 zuwa cikin na'urar sarrafawa ta lantarki (ECU). Don haka, ga kowane sigina 58 da na'urar juyawar matsayi ta crankshaft ta karɓa, ECU ta san cewa na'urar juyawar injuna ta juya sau ɗaya. Idan ECU ta karɓi sigina 116000 daga na'urar juyawar matsayi ta crankshaft cikin minti 1, ECU za ta iya ƙididdige cewa saurin na'urar juyawa n shine 2000(n=116000/58=2000)r/ruwa; Idan ECU ta karɓi sigina 290,000 a minti ɗaya daga na'urar juyawar matsayi ta crankshaft, ECU tana ƙididdige saurin na'urar juyawa na 5000(n= 29000/58 =5000)r/min. Ta wannan hanyar, ECU na iya ƙididdige saurin juyawar crankshaft bisa ga adadin siginar bugun jini da aka karɓa a minti ɗaya daga firikwensin matsayin crankshaft. Siginar saurin injin da siginar kaya sune mafi mahimmanci kuma siginar sarrafawa ta asali na tsarin sarrafa lantarki, ECU na iya ƙididdige sigogin sarrafawa guda uku na asali bisa ga waɗannan sigina guda biyu: Angle na gaba na allura (lokaci), Angle na gaba na ƙonewa (lokaci) da Angle na watsa wutar (layin farko na ƙonewa akan lokaci). Jetta AT da GTx, Santana 2000GSi nau'in magnetic induction na crankshaft matsayi na firikwensin siginar siginar da siginar ta samar a matsayin siginar tunani, ECU na lokacin allurar mai da lokacin ƙonewa ya dogara ne akan siginar da siginar ta samar. Lokacin da ECu ta karɓi siginar da babban lahani na haƙori ya haifar, tana sarrafa lokacin kunna wuta, lokacin allurar mai da lokacin sauyawar wutar lantarki na coil ɗin kunnawa (watau kusurwar gudanarwa) bisa ga ƙaramin siginar lahani na haƙori.3) Motar Toyota TCCS magnetic induction crankshaft da camshaft firikwensin matsayi na camshaftToyota Computer Control System (1FCCS) tana amfani da magnetic induction crankshaft da camshaft firikwensin matsayi na camshaft wanda aka gyara daga mai rarrabawa, wanda ya ƙunshi sassan sama da ƙasa. An raba ɓangaren sama zuwa siginar nuni ga matsayin crankshaft na ganowa (wato gano silinda da siginar TDC, wanda aka sani da siginar G); An raba ɓangaren ƙasa zuwa saurin crankshaft da siginar kusurwa (wanda ake kira siginar Ne).1) Halayen tsarin janareta siginar Ne: An sanya janareta siginar Ne a ƙarƙashin janareta siginar G, galibi ya ƙunshi na'urar juyawa siginar lamba 2, na'urar juyawa ta Ne da kan maganadisu. An sanya na'urar juyawar siginar a kan shaft ɗin firikwensin, shaft ɗin rarraba gas yana tuƙi, ƙarshen saman shaft yana da kan wuta, na'urar juyawa tana da haƙoran convex guda 24. Ana gyara na'urar ji da kuma kan maganadisu a cikin gidan firikwensin, kuma an gyara kan maganadisu a cikin na'urar ji da gani.2) gudu da ƙa'idar samar da siginar kusurwa da tsarin sarrafawa: lokacin da injin crankshaft, siginar firikwensin camshaft na bawul, sannan a tuka juyawar rotor, rotor da ke fitowa haƙoran da ke tsakanin kan maganadisu suna canzawa a madadin haka, na'urar ji da gani a cikin kwararar maganadisu suna canzawa a madadin haka, to ƙa'idar aiki ta firikwensin ji da gani yana nuna cewa a cikin na'urar ji da gani na iya samar da ƙarfin lantarki mai canzawa. Saboda na'urar ji da gani tana da haƙoran convex guda 24, na'urar ji da gani za ta samar da sigina masu canzawa guda 24 lokacin da na'urar ji da gani ta juya sau ɗaya. Kowace juyawar shaft na firikwensin (360). Wannan yayi daidai da juyawa biyu na na'urar ji da gani (720). , don haka siginar mai canzawa (watau lokacin sigina) yayi daidai da juyawar crank na 30. (720. Yanzu 24 = 30). , yayi daidai da juyawar kan wuta 15. (30. Yanzu 2 = 15). . Idan ECU ta karɓi sigina 24 daga janareta siginar Ne, za a iya sanin cewa crankshaft yana juyawa sau biyu kuma kan kunna wuta yana juyawa sau ɗaya. Shirin ciki na ECU zai iya ƙididdigewa da tantance saurin crankshaft na injin da saurin kan kunna wuta gwargwadon lokacin kowane zagayowar siginar Ne. Domin a sarrafa kusurwar kunnawa da kuma allurar mai daidai, kusurwar crankshaft da kowace zagayen sigina ke shagaltuwa (30. Kusurwoyin sun ƙanƙanta. Yana da matukar dacewa a yi wannan aikin ta hanyar microcomputer, kuma mai raba mita zai yi sigina ga kowace Ne (kusurwoyin crank 30). An raba shi daidai zuwa siginar bugun jini 30, kuma kowace siginar bugun jini daidai take da kusurwar crank 1. (30. Gabatarwa 30 = 1). . Idan kowace siginar Ne ta kasu kashi 60 daidai, kowace siginar bugun jini ta yi daidai da kusurwar crankshaft na 0.5. (30. ÷60 = 0.5. . An ƙayyade takamaiman saitin ta hanyar buƙatun daidaiton kusurwa da ƙirar shirin.3) Halayen tsarin janareta siginar G: Ana amfani da janareta siginar G don gano matsayin cibiyar matattu ta piston (TDC) da kuma gano wane silinda zai isa ga matsayin TDC da sauran siginar tunani. Don haka janareta siginar G kuma ana kiranta gane silinda da janareta siginar matattu ta sama ko janareta siginar tunani. janareta siginar G ta ƙunshi na'urar juyawa sigina ta lamba 1, na'urar ji da gani G1, G2 da magnetic kai, da sauransu. Na'urar juyawar siginar tana da flanges guda biyu kuma an daidaita ta a kan shaft ɗin firikwensin. Ana raba na'urorin firikwensin G1 da G2 da digiri 180. Idan aka ɗora ta, na'urar juyawar G1 tana samar da siginar da ta yi daidai da injin shida na matsewa a saman matsewa a cikin silinda ta farko ta injin. Siginar da na'urar juyawar G2 ta samar ta yi daidai da lO kafin matsewa TDC na silinda ta farko ta injin.4) Gano silinda da ƙa'idar samar da siginar ta sama da kuma tsarin sarrafawa: ƙa'idar aiki ta na'urar juyawar siginar G iri ɗaya ce da ta na'urar juyawar siginar Ne. Lokacin da injin kera shaft ɗin injin ke juya shaft ɗin firikwensin don juyawa, flange na na'urar juyawar siginar G (na'urar juyawar siginar lamba 1) tana ratsa kan maganadisu na na'urar juyawar siginar a madadin, kuma gibin iska tsakanin na'urar juyawar da kan maganadisu yana canzawa a madadin, kuma siginar ƙarfin lantarki mai canzawa za ta shiga cikin na'urar juyawar Gl da G2. Idan ɓangaren flange na rotor siginar G ya kusa da kan maganadisu na na'urar jijiya ta G1, siginar bugun jini mai kyau tana fitowa a cikin na'urar jijiya ta G1, wacce ake kira siginar G1, saboda gibin iska tsakanin na'urar jijiya da kan maganadisu yana raguwa, kwararar maganadisu yana ƙaruwa kuma saurin canjin kwararar maganadisu yana da kyau. Lokacin da ɓangaren flange na rotor siginar G ya kusa da na'urar jijiya ta G2, gibin iska tsakanin na'urar jijiya da kan maganadisu yana raguwa kuma kwararar maganadisu yana ƙaruwa