Gaban yana karɓar ƙarfin tasiri, wanda bututun gaba ke rarrabawa zuwa akwatunan shaye-shayen makamashi a ɓangarorin biyu sannan a tura shi zuwa layin gaba na hagu da dama, sannan kuma zuwa sauran tsarin jiki.
Ƙarfin tasirin yana shafar bayan, kuma ƙarfin tasirin yana tafiya ta hanyar bamper na baya zuwa akwatin shaƙar makamashi a ɓangarorin biyu, zuwa layin baya na hagu da dama, sannan zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
Masu rage ƙarfin tasirin na iya jure wa tasirin, yayin da masu rage ƙarfin tasirin na iya taka rawar watsa ƙarfi, watsawa da kuma buffering, sannan a ƙarshe su koma wasu sassan jiki, sannan su dogara da ƙarfin tsarin jiki don tsayayya.
Amurka ba ta ɗaukar bumper a matsayin tsarin tsaro ba: IIHS a Amurka ba ta ɗaukar bumper a matsayin tsarin aminci ba, amma a matsayin kayan haɗi don rage asarar karo mai ƙarancin gudu. Saboda haka, gwajin bumper kuma ya dogara ne akan ra'ayin yadda za a rage asarar da kuɗin kulawa. Akwai nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen haɗarin bumper IIHS guda huɗu, waɗanda sune gwaje-gwajen haɗarin gaba da na baya (gudun 10km/h) da gwaje-gwajen haɗarin gaba da na baya (gudun 5km/h).
