Menene haɗin piston ɗin ya ƙunsa?
Haɗakar piston muhimmin ɓangare ne na injin mota, wanda galibi ya ƙunshi waɗannan abubuwa shida:
1. Piston: Wani ɓangare ne na ɗakin ƙonawa kuma an sanye shi da ramukan zobe da yawa don shigar da zoben piston.
2. Zoben Piston: Ana sanya shi a kan piston don rufewa, yawanci an yi shi da zoben gas da zoben mai.
3. Fitilar Piston: Haɗa piston da ƙaramin kan sandar haɗin piston, akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na cikakken iyo da kuma rabin iyo.
4. Sandar haɗa piston: sandar haɗa piston da crankshaft, an raba ta zuwa babban kai da ƙaramin kai a ɓangarorin biyu, ƙaramin kai an haɗa shi da piston, babban kai an haɗa shi da crankshaft.
5. Haɗa sandar bearing: wani abu mai shafawa da aka sanya a babban kan sandar haɗi.
6. Haɗa sandar ƙulli: ƙulli wanda ke gyara babban ƙarshen sandar ƙulli a kan crankshaft.
Zoben Piston shine babban abin da ke cikin injin mai, shi da silinda, piston, da bangon silinda tare don kammala hatimin iskar gas. Injinan mota da aka fi amfani da su suna da nau'ikan injunan dizal da fetur guda biyu, saboda bambancin aikin mai, amfani da zoben piston ba iri ɗaya bane, zoben piston na farko ana yin su ne ta hanyar siminti, amma tare da ci gaban fasaha, an haifi zoben piston mai ƙarfi na ƙarfe, kuma tare da aikin injin, buƙatun muhalli suna ci gaba da ingantawa, aikace-aikacen gyaran saman da aka ci gaba, kamar feshi na zafi, electroplating, chrome plating, da sauransu. Nitriding na gas, ajiyar jiki, rufin saman, maganin zinc manganese phosphating, da sauransu, suna inganta aikin zoben piston sosai.
Ana amfani da fil ɗin piston don haɗa piston ɗin zuwa sandar haɗawa sannan a tura ƙarfin da ke kan piston ɗin zuwa sandar haɗawa ko akasin haka.
Ana sanya fil ɗin piston a cikin babban nauyin tasirin lokaci-lokaci a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai yawa, kuma saboda kusurwar juyawa na fil ɗin piston a cikin ramin fil ɗin ba shi da girma, yana da wuya a samar da fim ɗin mai shafawa, don haka yanayin man shafawa ba shi da kyau. Saboda wannan dalili, fil ɗin piston dole ne ya sami isasshen tauri, ƙarfi da juriyar lalacewa. Girman yana da ƙanƙanta gwargwadon iyawa, kuma fil ɗin da ramin fil ɗin ya kamata su sami gibin da ya dace da daidaito da kuma ingancin saman. Gabaɗaya, tauri na fil ɗin piston yana da mahimmanci musamman, idan lalacewar lanƙwasa fil ɗin piston, na iya haifar da lalacewa ga wurin zama na fil ɗin piston.
A takaice, yanayin aiki na fil ɗin piston shine cewa rabon matsi yana da girma, ba za a iya samar da fim ɗin mai ba, kuma ba a daidaita nakasar ba. Saboda haka, ƙirar sa tana buƙatar ƙarfin injina mai yawa da juriyar lalacewa, amma kuma ƙarfin gajiya mai yawa.
Jikin sandar da ke haɗa ta ƙunshi sassa uku, kuma ɓangaren da ke haɗa ta da fil ɗin piston ana kiransa da sandar da ke haɗa ta ƙaramin kai; ɓangaren da ke haɗa ta da crankshaft ana kiransa babban kan sandar da ke haɗa ta, kuma ɓangaren da ke haɗa ƙaramin kai da babban kai ana kiransa jikin sandar da ke haɗa ta.
Domin rage lalacewa tsakanin ƙaramin kai da fil ɗin piston, ana matse siririn tagulla mai bangon waya a cikin ƙaramin ramin kai. Ana haƙa ko niƙa ramuka a cikin ƙananan kawunan da bushings don ba da damar man ya shiga saman haɗuwa na fil ɗin bushing-piston mai shafawa.
Jikin sandar da ke haɗawa dogo ne, kuma ƙarfin da ke cikin aikin shi ma babba ne, domin hana lanƙwasawa, jikin sandar dole ne ya sami isasshen tauri. Saboda wannan dalili, jikin sandar da ke haɗawa na injin abin hawa galibi yana ɗaukar sashin siffar I, wanda zai iya rage nauyin a ƙarƙashin yanayin cewa tauri da ƙarfi sun isa, kuma injin mai ƙarfi yana da sashin H. Wasu injuna suna amfani da sandar da ke haɗawa ƙaramin sandar da ke allurar kai, wanda dole ne a haƙa ta cikin ramin tsayi a jikin sandar. Domin guje wa yawan damuwa, jikin sandar da ke haɗawa, ƙaramin kai da babban kai suna haɗuwa ta hanyar babban canji mai santsi.
Domin rage girgizar injin, bambancin inganci na sandar haɗin silinda dole ne a iyakance shi zuwa mafi ƙarancin iyaka, a cikin haɗa injin ɗin, gabaɗaya a cikin gram a matsayin naúrar aunawa bisa ga babban da ƙaramin nauyin sandar haɗin, injin iri ɗaya don zaɓar rukuni ɗaya na sandar haɗin.
A kan injin nau'in V, silinda masu dacewa a ginshiƙan hagu da dama suna raba fil ɗin crank, kuma sandar haɗin tana da nau'i uku: sandar haɗin layi ɗaya, sandar haɗin cokali mai yatsu da sandar haɗin kai ta farko da ta biyu.
Ana kiran tayal ɗin da aka ɗora a kan maƙallan da aka gyara na crankshaft da silinda kuma suna taka rawar ɗaukar nauyi da shafawa galibi ana kiransu da faifan bearing crankshaft.
Gabaɗaya, bearing ɗin crankshaft ya kasu kashi biyu: bearing (Hoto na 1) da flanged bearing (Hoto na 2). Flanged bearing bushing ba wai kawai zai iya tallafawa da kuma shafa man crankshaft ba, har ma zai iya taka rawar matsayin axial na crankshaft (za a iya samun wuri ɗaya kawai a kan crankshaft don saita na'urar sanya axial).
Idan muka yi amfani da ƙusoshin sanda masu haɗawa, za mu ga cewa akwai matsaloli da yawa game da ƙusoshin sanda masu haɗawa, za a sami matsalolin gani, matsalolin tsawon haƙuri, matsalolin karyewa, matsalolin zaren hakori, matsalolin da aka samu yayin shigarwa, da sauransu.
Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce a gwada ƙullin sandar da ke haɗawa, a gano inda matsalar take sannan a canza ta. Gwajin ƙullin sandar da ke haɗawa yana buƙatar hanya. ƙullin sandar da ke haɗawa muhimmin ƙulli ne wanda ke haɗa wurin zama na babban ƙarshen sandar da ke haɗawa da murfin ƙullin. ƙullin sandar da ke haɗawa yana fuskantar aikin ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya yayin haɗuwa, kuma ƙullin sandar da ke haɗawa shi ma yana fuskantar aikin ƙarfin inertia mai juyawa lokacin da injin dizal mai bugun huɗu ke aiki. Diamita na ƙullin sandar da ke haɗawa ƙarami ne saboda diamita na ƙullin crank da girman baranda na waje na babban ƙarshen sandar da ke haɗawa yana iyakance shi.
Kulli ne da ke haɗa murfin sandar haɗin da aka raba zuwa babban ƙarshen sandar haɗin. A kan kowace ƙugiya biyu, ana amfani da ƙugiya biyu ko huɗu na sandar haɗin don ɗaure su. Nau'in ƙugiya ya bambanta. Sau da yawa ana ƙera kan da jirgin sama ko toshe mai lanƙwasa don shigarwa da haɗawa da saman tallafin ɗaukar kaya don hana ƙugiya mai haɗawa juyawa lokacin da aka matse goro. Diamita na jikin sandar haɗin a kowane ɓangaren sashin ɗaukar kaya yana da girma, don haka ana iya sanya shi tare da ramin ƙugiya yayin haɗuwa; Diamita na sauran sashin jikin sandar haɗin ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da diamita na ramin ƙugiya, kuma tsawon ya fi tsayi, don haka ana iya rage nauyin sashin zaren lokacin da aka ɗauki nauyin lanƙwasa da buguwa. Sashen zare yawanci yana ɗaukar zare mai kyau tare da daidaito mafi girma.
Domin hana haɗin zare ya sassauta kansa, ƙullin sandar haɗin yana da na'urar hana sassautawa ta dindindin, wadda galibi itace ƙulli, injin wanki mai hana sassautawa da kuma rufin jan ƙarfe a saman zaren. Ƙullun sandar haɗin galibi suna ɗauke da lodi daban-daban, waɗanda suke da sauƙin haifar da lalacewa da karyewa, wanda zai haifar da mummunan sakamako. Saboda haka, sau da yawa ana yin sa ne da ƙarfe mai inganci ko ƙarfe mai inganci na carbon, kuma bayan an yi maganin zafi. A cikin kulawa, ya kamata a mai da hankali kan duba ƙarfinsa don hana sassautawa; Ya kamata a sake raba shi akai-akai don duba shi don tsagewa da tsawaitawa da yawa, da sauransu, idan ya cancanta. Lokacin shigarwa, ya zama dole a haɗa kuma a hankali a matse shi bisa ga ƙarfin da aka tsara kafin a matse shi, wanda ba zai iya zama babba ko ƙarami ba, don guje wa haɗurra kamar karyewar ƙullin sanda a cikin aikin.
Idan kana son ƙarin bayani, ci gaba da karanta sauran labaran da ke wannan shafin!
Don Allah a kira mu idan kuna buƙatar irin waɗannan kayayyaki.
Kamfanin Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. ya kuduri aniyar sayar da kayayyakin motar MG&MAUXS. Ana maraba da siyan su.
