Menene mitar kwararar iska ta mota
Na'urar firikwensin kwararar iska, wacce aka fi sani da na'urar auna kwararar iska, tana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman na'urori masu auna iska a cikin injunan allurar mai ta lantarki. Tana canza kwararar iska da aka shaƙa zuwa siginar lantarki sannan ta aika ta zuwa sashin sarrafa lantarki (ECU), wanda ke aiki a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin sigina na asali don tantance allurar mai kuma firikwensin ne don auna kwararar iska da aka shaƙa a cikin injin.
A kan na'urar allurar mai da aka sarrafa ta hanyar lantarki, na'urar auna adadin iskar da injin ke shaƙa, wato na'urar auna kwararar iska, tana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ke tantance daidaiton sarrafawa na tsarin. Idan aka ƙayyade daidaiton sarrafawa na rabon iska-mai-mai (A/F) na iska da cakuda da injin ya sha a matsayin ±1.0, kuskuren da aka yarda da shi na tsarin shine ± 6% zuwa 7%. Idan aka rarraba wannan kuskuren da aka yarda da shi ga kowane ɓangare na tsarin, kuskuren da aka yarda da shi na na'urar auna kwararar iska shine ± 2% zuwa 3%.
Rabon matsakaicin kwararar iska zuwa mafi ƙarancin iskar da injin mai ke fitarwa, max/min, shine 40 zuwa 50 a cikin tsarin da ake buƙatar iska ta halitta da kuma 60 zuwa 70 a cikin tsarin turbocharged. A cikin wannan kewayon, na'urar auna iska ya kamata ta iya kiyaye daidaiton ma'auni na ±2 zuwa 3[%). Na'urar auna iska da ake amfani da ita a cikin na'urar allurar mai da aka sarrafa ta hanyar lantarki ba wai kawai ta kiyaye daidaiton ma'auni a kan kewayon ma'auni mai faɗi ba, har ma ta sami kyakkyawan amsawar ma'auni, ta iya auna bugun iska, kuma sarrafa siginar fitarwa ya kamata ya zama mai sauƙi.
Dangane da halaye daban-daban na na'urar firikwensin kwararar iska, an rarraba tsarin sarrafa mai zuwa tsarin sarrafa nau'in L wanda ke auna girman shigarwa kai tsaye da kuma ikon sarrafa nau'in D wanda ke auna girman shigarwa kai tsaye bisa ga hanyar auna girman shigarwa. Ana auna girman shigarwa kai tsaye bisa ga matsin lamba mara kyau na na'urar firikwensin shigarwa da saurin injin. A cikin yanayin sarrafa nau'in D, na'urar ROM ta microcomputer tana adana yawan iskar shigarwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban tare da saurin injin da matsin lamba a cikin bututun shigarwa azaman sigogi. Dangane da matsin lamba da saurin shigarwa da aka auna a kowace yanayin aiki da kuma nufin girman iskar shigarwa da aka tuna a cikin ROM, na'urar microcomputer na iya ƙididdige yawan amfani da mai. Na'urar auna kwararar iska da ake amfani da ita a cikin ikon sarrafa nau'in L ainihin iri ɗaya ne da na na'urar firikwensin kwararar masana'antu gabaɗaya. Duk da haka, yana iya daidaitawa da yanayin mawuyacin yanayi na motoci, amma kuma yana da buƙatar amsawa ga canje-canje masu kaifi a cikin kwarara lokacin da aka matse mai haɓaka da kuma buƙatar gano daidaito mai girma a cikin iska mara daidaituwa da siffar na'urorin firikwensin shigarwa ya haifar kafin da bayan na'urar firikwensin.
Tsarin sarrafa allurar mai na lantarki na farko bai yi amfani da ƙananan kwamfutoci ba. Madadin haka, da'irar analog ce. A wancan lokacin, an yi amfani da na'urar firikwensin kwararar iska irin ta bawul, amma yayin da ake amfani da ƙananan kwamfutoci don sarrafa allurar mai, wasu nau'ikan na'urori masu auna kwararar iska da dama sun bayyana.
Tsarin firikwensin kwararar iska na nau'in bawul.
Ana sanya na'urar firikwensin kwararar iska ta nau'in bawul a kan injin mai, tsakanin matattarar iska da maƙurar iska. Aikinta shine gano yawan iskar da injin ke sha sannan a mayar da sakamakon ganowa zuwa siginar lantarki, wanda daga nan ake shigar da shi cikin na'urar microcomputer. Wannan na'urar firikwensin ta ƙunshi sassa biyu: na'urar auna kwararar iska da kuma na'urar auna ƙarfin iska.
Da farko, bari mu kalli tsarin aiki na na'urar firikwensin kwararar iska. Iskar da matattarar iska ke jawowa tana gudu zuwa ga bawul. Bawul ɗin ya tsaya a wurin da aka daidaita ƙarar shiga tare da maɓuɓɓugar dawowa. Wato, matakin buɗewa na bawul ɗin yana daidai da ƙarar shiga kai tsaye. Haka kuma an sanya potentiometer a kan shaft mai juyawa na bawul ɗin. Hannun zamiya na potentiometer yana juyawa tare da bawul ɗin. Ana amfani da raguwar ƙarfin lantarki na juriyar zamiya don canza matakin buɗewa na farantin aunawa zuwa siginar lantarki, wanda daga nan ake shigar da shi cikin da'irar sarrafawa.
Na'urar firikwensin kwararar iska ta Kaman vortex
Domin shawo kan kurakuran na'urar firikwensin kwararar iska ta nau'in bawul, wato, don faɗaɗa kewayon aunawa yayin tabbatar da daidaiton aunawa da kuma kawar da hulɗar zamiya, an ƙirƙiri ƙaramin firikwensin kwararar iska mai sauƙi, wato firikwensin kwararar iska ta Karman vortex,. Karman vortex wani abu ne na zahiri. Hanyar gano vortex da da'irar sarrafa lantarki ba su da alaƙa da daidaiton ganowa kwata-kwata. Yankin wucewar iska da canjin girman ginshiƙin samar da vortex yana ƙayyade daidaiton ganowa. Hakanan, saboda fitowar wannan nau'in firikwensin siginar lantarki ce (mita), lokacin shigar da sigina zuwa da'irar sarrafawa ta tsarin, ana iya cire mai canza AD. Saboda haka, a zahiri, firikwensin kwararar iska ta Karman vortex sigina ce da ta dace da sarrafa kwamfutoci na micro. Wannan firikwensin yana da fa'idodi uku masu zuwa: daidaiton gwaji mai girma, ikon fitar da siginar layi, da sarrafa sigina mai sauƙi; Aikin ba zai canza ba ko da bayan amfani na dogon lokaci. Tunda don gano ƙimar kwararar iska ne, babu buƙatar gyara don zafin jiki da matsin lamba na yanayi.
Idan aka samar da vortex na Karman, yana canzawa tare da bambancin gudu da matsin lamba. Babban ƙa'idar gano kwararar ruwa ita ce amfani da canjin saurin da ke cikinsa. Siginar su ne raƙuman murabba'i da siginar dijital. Da yawan ƙarfin shiga, da yawan vortex na Karman, da kuma yawan siginar fitarwa na firikwensin kwararar iska.
Ana amfani da firikwensin kwararar iska mai nauyin zafin jiki da matsin lamba musamman don auna kwararar abubuwa daban-daban a cikin bututun masana'antu, kamar iskar gas, ruwa, tururi, da sauransu. Siffofinsa sun haɗa da ƙarancin asarar matsi, faɗin kewayon aunawa, babban daidaito, kuma kusan ba ya shafar sigogi kamar yawan ruwa, matsin lamba, zafin jiki da ɗanko yayin auna ƙimar kwararar girma a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki. Babu sassan injina masu motsi, don haka yana da babban aminci kuma yana buƙatar kulawa kaɗan. Siffofin kayan aikin na iya zama dawwama na dogon lokaci. Wannan kayan aikin yana ɗaukar na'urori masu auna damuwa na piezoelectric, waɗanda suke da aminci sosai kuma suna iya aiki a cikin kewayon zafin aiki na -10℃ zuwa +300℃. Yana da siginar analog na yau da kullun da fitarwa na siginar bugun dijital, wanda ke sa ya zama da sauƙin amfani tare da tsarin dijital kamar kwamfutoci. Yana da saurin kwarara mai kyau kuma mai kyau.
Babban fa'idar na'urori masu auna kwararar iska shine cewa ma'aunin kayan aiki ba ya shafar halayen zahiri na matsakaicin da aka auna kuma ana iya faɗaɗa shi daga matsakaici ɗaya zuwa wani kafofin watsa labarai. Duk da haka, saboda babban bambanci a cikin kewayon kwararar ruwa da iskar gas, kewayon mitar kuma ya bambanta sosai. A cikin da'irar amplifier don sarrafa siginar titi ta vortex, madaurin wucewa na matatar ya bambanta, haka ma sigogin da'irar. Saboda haka, ba za a iya amfani da sigar da'irar iri ɗaya don auna hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban ba.
Idan kana son ƙarin bayani, ci gaba da karanta sauran labaran da ke wannan shafin!
Don Allah a kira mu idan kuna buƙatar irin waɗannan kayayyaki.
Kudin hannun jari Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. ta kuduri aniyar sayar da MG&MAXUSsassan mota maraba siya.
