Kayan aikin rukunin flywheel na injin crankshaft
Na farko, crankshaft
Crankshaft yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman sassan injin, aikinsa shine juriya ga matsin lamba daga ƙungiyar sandar haɗin piston zuwa cikin ƙarfin crankshaft da fitarwa na waje, ban da haka, ana amfani da crankshaft don tuƙa tsarin bawul ɗin injin da sauran na'urori masu taimako (kamar janareto, fanfo, famfunan ruwa, famfunan sitiyari na wutar lantarki, tsarin shaft na ma'auni, da sauransu).
Rukunin flywheel na Crankshaft: 1- pulley; 2- timing crankshaft bel wheel; 3- crankshaft sprocket; 4- Crankshaft; 5- crankshaft main bearing (sama); 6- Flywheel; 7- Generator na siginar firikwensin gudu; 8, 11- put pad; 9- crankshaft main bearing (ƙasa); 10- Crankshaft main bearing murfi.
Lokacin da crankshaft ke aiki, dole ne ya jure canje-canje a matsin lamba na iskar gas lokaci-lokaci, ƙarfin inertial da ƙarfin centrifugal, da kuma ƙarfin juyi da lanƙwasawa a ƙarƙashin aiki mai sauri, mai sauƙin lanƙwasawa da karkatarwa, saboda haka, crankshaft ɗin ya kamata ya sami isasshen ƙarfi da tauri, juriya mai kyau da daidaito mai kyau. Yawanci crankshaft ɗin an yi shi ne da ƙarfe mai matsakaicin ƙarfe mai ƙarfe, kuma ana magance saman littafin ta hanyar kashewa ko nitriding mai yawan mita. Crankshaft ɗin injin Shanghai Santana an yi shi ne da ƙarfe mai matsakaicin ƙarfe mai ƙarfe mai inganci. Injin Audi JW da Yuchai YC6105QC an yi su ne da ƙarfe mai ƙarancin farashi, mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi tare da juriya mai kyau.
1. Tsarin crankshaft
Gabaɗaya, injin crankshaft yana ƙunshe da ƙarshen gaba, babban wuyan shaft, crank, ma'aunin nauyi, littafin sanda mai haɗawa da ƙarshen baya. Crank yana ƙunshe da littafin sanda mai haɗawa da manyan littattafansa na hagu da dama. Adadin crank na crankshaft ya dogara da adadin silinda da tsarin silinda. Crankshaft na injin silinda guda ɗaya yana da crank ɗaya kawai; Adadin crank na crankshaft na injin layi ɗaya daidai yake da adadin silinda; Adadin crank a cikin injin V daidai yake da rabin adadin silinda. Shaft na gaba na crankshaft yana da pulley, gear timing, da sauransu, wanda ake amfani da shi don tuƙa famfon ruwa da tsarin bawul. An sanya wuyan spindle na crankshaft a cikin babban wurin ɗaukar kaya na jikin silinda kuma ana amfani da shi don tallafawa crankshaft. Ana amfani da littafin sanda mai haɗawa don shigar da sandar haɗawa, kuma crank yana haɗa babban littafin shaft tare da littafin sanda mai haɗawa. Domin daidaita ƙarfin centrifugal lokacin da crankshaft ke juyawa, an samar da toshewar ma'auni akan crankshaft. An samar da flange mai haɗawa a ƙarshen bayan crankshaft don haɗa ƙafafun tashi zuwa crankshaft ta hanyar bolts. Don shafa mai a cikin littafin sandar haɗin, ana haƙa hanyar mai mai daga babban littafin shaft zuwa littafin sandar haɗin. Crankshaft mai haɗawa yana da sauƙi a tsari, mai sauƙi a nauyi kuma abin dogaro ne a aiki, kuma gabaɗaya yana ɗaukar bearings masu sauƙi, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai a cikin injuna matsakaici da ƙananan.
2. Ka'idar shimfidar crank
Siffar crankshaft da kuma matsayin kowanne crank ya dogara ne da adadin silinda, tsarin silinda da kuma tsarin aikin kowanne silinda. Lokacin shirya tsarin aikin injin, ya kamata a bi waɗannan ƙa'idodi gwargwadon iko:
A yi aiki tukuru a tsakanin silinda biyu gwargwadon iyawa don rage nauyin babban bearing, kuma a guji faruwar buɗewar bawuloli biyu da aka haɗa a lokaci guda yayin aikin ɗaukar iska, kuma abin da ya faru na "kama iska" yana shafar ingancin hauhawar farashin injin.
(1) Kusurwar aiki ta kowace silinda ya kamata ta yi daidai da yadda injin zai iya aiki cikin sauƙi. A cikin kusurwar crankshaft inda injin ke kammala zagayowar aiki, kowane silinda ya kamata ya yi aiki sau ɗaya. Ga injin bugun huɗu mai lambar silinda i, kusurwar tazara ta aiki ita ce 720°/i. Wato, kowane 720°/i na crankshaft ya kamata ya sami silinda don aiki don tabbatar da cewa injin yana aiki cikin sauƙi.
(2) Idan injin ne mai nau'in V, ginshiƙan silinda na hagu da dama ya kamata su yi aiki daban.
3. Tsarin injin injin silinda da yawa da tsarin aiki na yau da kullun
Tsarin injin bugun ƙafa da crank na in-line mai layi huɗu. Tazarar aiki Kusurwar injin bugun ƙafa huɗu mai layi huɗu a cikin layi shine 720°/4=180°, crank huɗu an shirya su a cikin jirgin sama ɗaya, kuma tsarin aikin injin (ko jerin kunna wuta) shine 1-3-4-2 ko 1-2-4-3. Na'urar turawa ta zagayen aiki da aka saba amfani da ita tana da kushin turawa mai gefe ɗaya mai layin ƙarfe mai hana gogayya, babban bearing na crankshaft tare da flanging da zoben turawa mai zagaye yana da siffofi uku. Kushin turawa takarda ce ta ƙarfe mai zagaye huɗu tare da layin ƙarfe mai hana gogayya a waje, wanda aka sanya a cikin tsagi na jiki ko babban murfin ɗaukar kaya. Domin hana juyawar kushin turawa, kushin turawa yana da kumburi da aka makale a cikin tsagi. Wasu kushin turawa suna amfani da guda 4 don samar da iyaka biyu masu kyau, wasu kuma suna amfani da guda 2 na iyaka. Gefen ƙarfe mai hana gogayya yakamata ya fuskanci shaft.
Kamfanin Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. ya kuduri aniyar sayar da kayayyakin motar MG&MAUXS. Ana maraba da siyan su.
