Ka'idar sarrafa janareto ta atomatik
Ka'idar sarrafa atomatik na janareto na motoci galibi tana cimma daidaiton ƙarfin lantarki ta hanyar shigar da wutar lantarki da kuma sarrafa wutar lantarki ta filin maganadisu. Ga takamaiman tsarin:
Tsarin daidaita shigar da wutar lantarki
Janareta yana daidaita samar da wutar lantarki ta atomatik bisa ga buƙatar wutar lantarki. Idan ƙarfin batirin bai isa ba ko kuma aka yi amfani da kayan lantarki masu ƙarfi, janareta yana ƙara samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar haɓaka wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki ta filin maganadisu. Idan batirin ya cika caji, wutar lantarki ta filin maganadisu tana raguwa ta atomatik, kawai tana kiyaye buƙatar wutar lantarki ta asali.
Ka'idar daidaita ƙarfin lantarki
Ana canza kwararar maganadisu ta hanyar daidaita kwararar filin maganadisu ta atomatik don tabbatar da daidaiton ƙarfin fitarwa. Lokacin da saurin juyawar janareta ya canza, wanda ke haifar da canjin ƙarfin lantarki, mai kula da na'urar yana gano sigina mara kyau kuma yana daidaita ƙarfin filin maganadisu ta hanyar canza kwararar kuzari, ta haka ne yake dawo da ƙarfin lantarki zuwa kewayon da aka saita. Misali, lokacin da saurin juyawa ya ƙaru, rage kwararar kuzari don hana wuce gona da iri; lokacin da saurin juyawa ya ragu, ƙara kwararar kuzari don kiyaye daidaiton ƙarfin lantarki.
Nau'o'in masu kula da tsari daban-daban
Mai kula da relay na Youdaoplaceholder0 : Ta hanyar sarrafa kashewar lambobin relay don daidaita da'irar filin maganadisu, ana cimma daidaitaccen ƙarfin lantarki ta atomatik.
Youdaoplaceholder0 Masu kula da lantarki (kamar nau'in ƙasa na ciki/nau'in ƙasa na waje): Suna amfani da abubuwa kamar transistor da diodes masu daidaita ƙarfin lantarki don sarrafa wutar lantarki ta hanyar kunnawa da kashewa.
Wannan tsarin zai iya daidaita samar da wutar lantarki da buƙatar wutar lantarki yadda ya kamata, ya guji ɓatar da makamashi da kuma tsawaita rayuwar kayan aiki.
Injin janareta na mota shine babban tushen wutar lantarki na abin hawa. Aikinsa shine samar da wutar lantarki ga dukkan na'urorin lantarki (banda na'urar farawa) yayin da injin ke aiki yadda ya kamata, sannan a lokaci guda yana cajin batirin.
Dangane da naɗewar stator mai matakai uku na wani alternator na gama gari, ana ƙara yawan juyawar naɗewar kuma ana fitar da tashoshin haɗin, sannan a ƙara saitin gyara gada mai matakai uku. A ƙananan gudu, ana fitar da naɗewar asali da ƙarin naɗewar a jere, yayin da a manyan gudu, naɗewar matakai uku na asali kawai ake fitarwa.
Ka'idar aiki na janar na'urar alternator
Lokacin da da'irar waje ta ba da kuzari ga abin da ke juyawa ta cikin goga, ana samar da filin maganadisu, wanda ke haɗa sandunan ƙusoshi zuwa sandunan N da sandunan S. Lokacin da rotor ya juya, kwararar maganadisu tana canzawa a cikin naɗaɗɗen stator. Dangane da ƙa'idar induction na lantarki, ana samar da ƙarfin lantarki mai canzawa a cikin naɗaɗɗen matakai uku na stator. Wannan shine ƙa'idar samar da wutar lantarki ta alternator.
Ana tura na'urar juyawa ta janareta mai haɗakar DC (DC excited synchronous generator) ta hanyar babban mai motsi (watau, injin) don juyawa a gudun n(rpm), kuma na'urar juyawa ta stator mai matakai uku tana haifar da yuwuwar canjin wutar lantarki. Idan na'urar juyawa ta stator ta haɗu da nauyin lantarki, injin zai fitar da canjin wutar lantarki. Ana mayar da canjin wutar lantarki zuwa canjin wutar lantarki kai tsaye ta hanyar gadar rectifier da ke cikin janareta sannan a fitar da shi daga tashar fitarwa.
An raba alternator zuwa sassa biyu: na'urar juyawa ta stator da na'urar juyawa ta rotor. Ana rarraba na'urorin juyawa ta stator mai matakai uku a kan kashin a kusurwar lantarki ta digiri 120 a tsakaninsu, kuma na'urar juyawa ta ƙunshi fikafikai biyu na sandar. Lokacin da aka haɗa na'urar juyawa ta rotor zuwa wutar lantarki kai tsaye, yana motsawa, kuma sandunan biyu suna samar da sandar N da sandar S. Layukan filin maganadisu suna farawa daga sandar N, suna ratsa ta cikin rata ta iska zuwa cikin tsakiyar stator sannan su koma sandar S da ke kusa. Da zarar rotor ya juya, na'urar juyawa ta rotor za ta yanke layukan filin maganadisu, tana samar da ƙarfin lantarki na sinusoidal a cikin na'urar juyawa ta stator wanda ya bambanta da digiri 120 na digiri na lantarki, wato, wutar lantarki mai matakai uku, wanda daga nan ake mayar da shi zuwa fitarwa ta kai tsaye ta hanyar abin da ke gyarawa wanda ya ƙunshi diodes.
Idan aka rufe maɓallin wutan, batirin ne ke fara samar da wutar. Da'irar ita ce:
Tashar wutar lantarki mai kyau ta batirin → hasken alamar caji → lamba mai daidaita wutar lantarki → naɗewar motsawa → ƙasa → tagar tabarma ta baturin. A wannan lokacin, hasken alamar caji zai kunna saboda akwai wutar lantarki da ke ratsa ta.
Duk da haka, bayan injin ya fara aiki, yayin da saurin juyawar janareta ke ƙaruwa, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ƙarshe na janareta kuma yana ci gaba da ƙaruwa. Lokacin da ƙarfin fitarwa na janareta ya yi daidai da na baturi, ƙarfin da ke tashoshin "B" da "D" na janareta iri ɗaya ne. A wannan lokacin, hasken alamar caji yana mutuwa saboda bambancin sifili tsakanin ƙarshen biyu. Yana nuna cewa janareta yana aiki yadda ya kamata kuma janareta kanta tana samar da wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai canzawa mai matakai uku da aka samar ta hanyar naɗewa mai matakai uku a cikin janareta ana gyara shi ta hanyar diode sannan yana fitar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye don samar da wutar lantarki ga kaya da cajin baturi.
"Idan kana son ƙarin bayani, ci gaba da karanta sauran labaran da ke wannan shafin!
Don Allah a kira mu idan kuna buƙatar irin waɗannan kayayyaki.
Kudin hannun jari Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. ta kuduri aniyar sayar da MG&MAXUSsassan mota maraba siya.
