ra'ayi
Wani tsarin dakatarwar dakatarwa ya ƙunshi abubuwa na roba, hanyoyin jagora, da kuma wasu abubuwa masu tsafta, da kuma maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, da marring marring. An dakatar da dakatarwar Mallaka ta zamani amfani da m mermings da harronion yi suna amfani da maɓuɓɓugan iska.
Aikin Aikin:
girgiza rai
Aiki: Shock yana iya haifar da babban abin da ke haifar da ƙarfin damping. Ayyukan sa ya kai da sauri da sauri da girgiza motar, inganta tafiyar da ta'aziyya ta motar, ta inganta matsakaicin motar, da kuma ƙasa da ƙasa. Bugu da kari, da girgiza shaye-shaye na iya rage tsauraran nauyin jikin mutum, mika nauyin sabis na motar. A girgiza rai da gaske ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin motar shine kawai nau'in silinyyyyyen hydraulic girgiza shaƙewa sau uku: tsarin silinda, nau'in silinda mai narkewa da nau'in silili biyu. [2]
Working principle: When the wheel jumps up and down, the piston of the shock absorber reciprocates in the working chamber, so that the liquid of the shock absorber passes through the orifice on the piston, because the liquid has a certain viscosity and when the liquid passes through the orifice, it is in contact with the hole wall Friction is generated between them, so that kinetic energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated into the air, so as to achieve the function of Rashin nutsuwa.
(2) abubuwan roba
Aiki: Tallafawa Loading a tsaye, Sauƙaƙe ka dakatar da rawar jiki da tasiri wanda ba a daidaita shi ba. Abubuwan da ke tattare da rasuwar bazara, bazara bazara, tashoshin torsion, bazara da roba bazara, da sauransu.
Umurni: Passion da aka yi da kayan da aka yi da babban kayan aiki, lokacin da aka juyar da ƙafafun kuzarin ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma an sake shi lokacin da ƙafafun tuki.
(3) Tsarin Jagora
Matsayin jagora shine watsa karfi da ɗan lokaci, kuma kuma yana taka rawa mai jagora. A yayin tuki na motar, ana iya sarrafa yanayin ƙafafun.
sakamako
Dakance babban taro ne a cikin mota, wanda ya danganta firam ɗin tare da ƙafafun, kuma yana da alaƙa da ayyukan da yawa na motar. Daga waje, dakatarwar motar ta ƙunshi wasu sanduna ne, shambo da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, amma kada kuyi tsammanin yana da sauƙi. Akasin haka, dakatarwar motar ita ce Majalisar Maro ce wacce ke wahalar saduwa da cikakkun bukatun cigaba, kuma waɗannan fannoni biyu suna gaban juna. Misali, don samun kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali, ya zama dole a tsara shi sosai don zama mai laushi, amma yana da sauƙi a sanya motar ta lalace "da kuma dama. Dangokin ba shi da amfani da tuƙin motar, kuma yana da sauƙi a sanya motar ta zama m.
dakatarwar da ba 'yanci ba
Kyakkyawan fasalin tsarin da ba shi da gaskiya shine cewa an dakatar da ƙafafun a ɗakin biyu ko kuma ƙafafun abin hawa tare da dakatarwar abin hawa. Dakatarwar da ba 'yanci tana da fa'idodi na sauki tsarin tsari, low farashi, ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, da sauƙi tabbatarwa a cikin jeri na gaba yayin tuki. Koyaya, saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali mara kyau da kulawa da kwanciyar hankali, ana ƙara amfani da shi a cikin motocin zamani. , galibi ana amfani dashi a cikin manyan motoci da bas.
Ganyen ganye mara ƙarfi
Ana amfani da lokacin bazara a matsayin na roba na rafi na rashin tsaro. Saboda yana aiki azaman jagora mai jagora, an sauƙaƙe tsarin dakatarwa sosai.
Doguwar ganye mai nisa da ba 'yanci ba tana amfani da ganye na ganye kamar yadda aka yi amfani da abubuwa na roba kuma an tsara shi a kan motar motar.
Tsarin aiki: Lokacin da motar ke gudana a kan hanya mara kyau kuma ci karo da mummunan aiki, ƙafafun da aka yi tsalle, da kuma lokacin bazara da ƙananan lokacin rawar jiki kuma suna motsawa a lokaci guda. Za a iya tsawan tsawan lokacin motsi na saman bazara za a iya haɗa shi ta hanyar fadada Lug Lug Lug ba tare da tsangwama ba. Saboda ƙarshen ƙarshen rawar jiki ana iya gyara shi kuma ƙananan ƙarshen motsa sama, daidai yake da aiki a cikin wani matsara, kuma damping yana haɓaka don daidaita rawar jiki. Lokacin da yawan tsalle-tsalle na axle ya wuce nisa tsakanin toshe mai toshe da iyakance lambobin sadarwa, da aka matsa lamba tare da iyakance. [2]
Classignification: Ana iya raba dakatarwar da ba 'yanci a cikin tsantsa da rashin lafiya ba, dakatarwar ganye da kuma karewa mai zaman kanta da ba' yanci ba. Tsakawar karewa ne mai zaman kanta tare da maɓuɓɓugan ganye mai nisa.
1
Tsawon Asymmetric mai tsayi da rashin kwanciyar hankali yana nufin dakatarwa wanda nesa yana kusa da ƙarshen ƙarshen ƙarshen abin da ke cikin ƙarshen ƙarshen ƙarshen ba daidai yake da gatari ba.
2. Balance dakatarwa
An dakatar da ma'auni mai daidaitacce shine dakatar da cewa yana tabbatar da cewa nauyin a tsaye a ƙafafun axile (axle) koyaushe yana daidai. Aikin amfani da dakatarwar ma'auni shine don tabbatar da kyakkyawar hulɗa tsakanin ƙafafun da ƙasa, nauyin ɗaya, da kuma tabbatar da cewa direban zai iya sarrafa shugabanci na motar kuma motar tana da isar da tuki.
Dangane da tsarin daban-daban, za'a iya raba yadda dakatarwar daidaitawa zuwa nau'ikan biyu: Kima da nau'in Rod da nau'in hannu.
①ttrugrusku Rod Balance dakatarwa. An kafa shi da ganyayyaki a tsaye, kuma an sanya ƙarshen ƙarshensa a cikin nau'in tallafin farantin a saman kayan aikin slide. Tsarin tsakiya an daidaita shi akan ma'auni na ɗaukar harsashi ta hanyar U-dimbin ƙyallen, kuma yana iya juyawa a kusa da tsarin ma'auni a cikin abin hawa. Ofptaya daga cikin ƙarshen sandar sanda an gyara shi akan abin hawa, kuma an gama endyarwar da sauran ƙarshen. Ana amfani da Rod na dutsen don watsa ƙarfin tuki, ƙarfin ƙarfe da kuma daidaita karfin gwiwa.
Ka'idar aiki na dutsen sanda na daidaito shine motsin abin hawa da yawa na tuki a kan hanya mara kyau. Idan kowane ƙafafun da aka yi amfani da tsarin farantin karfe kamar yadda dakatarwa, ba zai iya tabbatar da cewa duk ƙafafun suna da wuya ga direban tafiya ba idan ya faru a kan ƙafafun masu tsere. Idan ta faru da ƙafafun tuki, wasu (idan ba duka ba) na ƙarfin tuki zai ɓace. Shigar da tsakiyar airle da na baya na abin hawa uku a kan ƙarshen mashaya, da kuma sashe na ma'auni an haɗa shi da abin hawa. Saboda haka, ƙafafun da kan gadoji biyu ba za su iya motsawa da ƙasa da kansu ba. Idan duk ƙafafun dabino yake nutse a cikin rami, sauran ƙafafun suna motsawa sama sama a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ma'auni. Tunda hannayen manyan mashaya suna daidai, tsawon madaidaicin a cikin ƙafafun biyu suna daidai.
An yi amfani da dakatarwar Rod Moral Balage don axle na 6 × 6 naúrar abin hawa uku da 6 × 4 na axle motoci.
②swing Harry dakatar. Tsakanin tsawar tsakiyar Axle ya dauki nauyin ganye na ganye na tsawon lokaci. An haɗe da baya ga ƙarshen ƙarshen hannu, yayin da ake kunna ɓangaren juyawa hannu axle a cikin firam. An haɗa ƙarshen ƙarshen hannu na juyawa zuwa gxle (axle) na motar.
Ka'idar aiki ta dakatarwar gefen hannu ta dakatarwa shine motar tana tuki a kan hanya mara kyau. Idan Bridge ta tsakiya ta fada cikin rami, za a saukar da hannu mai juyawa ta hanyar bayan da lang kuma a juya baya a kusa da Shaftarin da ke kewaye da sa hannu. Babban ƙafafun zai ƙaura. Siffar saƙa a nan shine lever maɗaura, da kuma ragin nauyin a tsaye a tsakiyar da na baya da kuma tsawon lokacin ganye bazara.
Coil spring din da ba 'yanci ba
Saboda coil bazara, a matsayin ɓangaren roba na ƙasa, na iya ɗaukar hoto kawai, ya kamata a ƙara shi da farfadowa da farfadowa.
Ya ƙunshi maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na cil, shota ruwa, lullube sanduna, a baya karkatar da sanduna da sauran abubuwan haɗin. Fasalin tsarin shine cewa ƙafafun hagu da dama suna da alaƙa gaba ɗaya tare da shaukaka duka. A ƙarshen ƙarshen girgiza ana iya ɗaukar sahihiyar taimakon na gaba, kuma ƙarshen ƙarshen yana tare da jikin abin hawa. Ana saita bazara a tsakanin farkon bazara da ƙananan wurin a waje na rawar jiki. A ƙarshen ƙarshen abin da ke tsaye a tsaye shine walwalwar sanda a kan gatari kuma ƙarshen ƙarshen yana ɓoye zuwa firam ɗin abin hawa. Ofarshen ƙarshen transrse sandar sanyo yana kan jikin abin hawa, kuma ɗayan ƙarshen yana kan gatari. Lokacin aiki, bazara tana ɗaukar nauyin a tsaye, da kuma ƙarfin iko da ƙarfin juyawa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ƙarfe da kuma transru na ɓoye da ƙwanƙwasawa. Lokacin da ƙafafun tsalle, duk gates swings kusa da hinada maki na layin da aka makala da kuma a gefe mai ƙwanƙwasa sandar sandar jikin mutum. Roba bushing a cikin zane-zane na cire kutse motsi lokacin da axle swings. Dakin da ba 'yanci a coil spring ya dace da dakatarwar motocin fasinja ba.
Air spring ba 'yanci ba
Lokacin da motar tana gudana, saboda canjin kaya da hanya, taurin dakatarwar ana buƙatar canza daidai. Ana buƙatar motocin don rage girman jikin da ƙara saurin a kan hanyoyi masu kyau; Don ƙara tsayi na jiki da ƙara ƙarfin wucewa a kan hanyoyi marasa kyau, don haka tsawo na jiki ana buƙatar daidaitacce gwargwadon buƙatun amfani. Dakatarwar iska da ba 'yanci ba na iya haduwa da irin waɗannan bukatun.
An hada da tanki, tanki na iska, bawul na sama, iska, sanda masu ban tsoro, akwai makamai masu ban tsoro, da kuma zubar da sanduna na. Ana gyara bazara ta iska tsakanin firam (jiki) da gatari, kuma an gyara bawul na ƙarfin tsayi a jikin abin hawa. Ofarshen sanda na piston an husging tare da hannunk din sanda na sanda na sarrafawa, kuma a ɗaya ƙarshen dutsen ya haskaka da sanda. A ɓangaren na tsakiya yana goyan bayan ɓangaren ɓangaren bazara na iska, kuma ƙarshen ƙarshen sanda sarrafawa yana gyarawa akan mayafin. Abubuwan da aka gyara waɗanda suke yin bazara ta iska suna da alaƙa tare ta hanyar bututun. An kirkiro gas mai karfi ta hanyar dubbiya ya shiga tanki na iska ta hanyar maimaitawar mai mai, sannan kuma ya shiga bawul ɗin matsin lamba ta hanyar iska bayan fitowa daga cikin tarkon ajiyar iska. Tankalin ajiyar iska, an haɗa tankijin da iska tare da iska mai ruwa, kuma a lokaci guda, an ɗaga jikin har sai piston na sama zai matsa zuwa tashar jirgin ruwa mai cike da iska ta katange. A matsayinta na roba na roba, bazara na iska zai iya rage tasirin ingancin kayan aiki yana aiki akan motar hanya daga saman hanya idan aka watsa zuwa jikin abin hawa ta hanyar axle. Bugu da kari, dakatarwar iska na iya daidaita ta kai tsaye daga jikin motar. Piston yana cikin tashar jiragen ruwa na hauhawar iska kuma tashar jirgin sama ta iska a cikin tanki na iska da iska, kuma ta tashe tsawo na jikin motar. Lokacin da piston yana cikin saman matsayi na tashar jiragen ruwa na conve a cikin bawul na tsayi, da matsin iska a cikin iska mai saukar da iska kuma ya faɗi. Rodwar sarrafawa da hannu na gicciye akan shi ƙayyade matsayin piston a cikin bawul na ƙarfin hali.
Dakin iska yana da fa'idodi kamar sanya motar motar tare da ta'aziyya mai kyau lokacin da ya zama mai rikitarwa guda ɗaya, da sauransu, amma kuma yana canzawa seadfin tsari da kuma tsayayyen buƙatu don ɗaukakar da ke da ƙarfi. da sauran kasawa. Ana amfani dashi a cikin motocin fasinja na kasuwanci, manyan motoci, trailers da wasu motocin fasinja.
Mai da gas na gas da ba 'yanci ba
Dogin mai-zango na mai da ba 'yanci ba yana nufin dakatarwar da ba' yanci ba lokacin da na roba kashi da aka tara bazara-pnumatic spnumatic bazara.
Ya ƙunshi maɓuɓɓugan mai da gas da gas na ɓoye sanduna, toshewar buffer, lullube sanduna da sauran abubuwan haɗin. Babban ƙarshen spring na mai a kan abin hawa shine a frame frame frame, kuma ƙarshen ƙarshen an gyara shi a kan axle. Hagu da dama suna yin amfani da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa na gaba don kasancewa a tsakanin axle da katako mai zuwa. An saka wani yanki mai tsayi na sama a saman gunaguni da rigar ciki da na ciki na dogon katako. Manyan m da ƙananan dogaro da sandunan ƙarfe, wanda ake amfani da shi don tabbatar da cewa matattarar gidan Kingpin din ya tashi da ƙasa. Transvere certut ne wanda aka sanya a kan hagu na gefen hagu da kuma bracket a gefen dama na gubble. Ana shigar da katangar buffer a ƙarƙashin katako biyu na gidaje. Saboda bazara mai-iri mai tsakanin firam da kayan masarufi, yana iya sauƙaƙe tasirin ƙarfi daga hanya, kuma a lokaci guda ya saba da vibration. An yi amfani da babba da ƙananan logretududududududing na kanurarraki don watsa ƙarfin da ke cikin gida da kuma yin tsayayya da lokacin da ƙarfin da Brakinda ya haifar. A baya na birgima sanduna watsa sojoji.
Lokacin da aka yi amfani da bazara mai-gas a kan babbar motar kasuwanci tare da babban kaya, ƙarar sa da taro ya karami halayen halaye, amma yana da babban buƙatu na tsayayye, amma yana da babban buƙatu don ɗaukakawa da wahala. Dakatarwar mai-pnanematic ya dace da manyan motocin kasuwanci tare da kaya masu nauyi.
Watsa shirye-shirye mai yawan gaske
Dakatarwar mai zaman kansa yana nufin cewa ƙafafun a kowane bangare aka dakatar da akayi daban-daban daga firam ko jami'ai ta hanyar tunatarwa. Amfaninta shine: nauyi mai nauyi, rage tasirin a jiki, da kuma inganta kasashe na tasirin ƙafafun; Ba za a iya amfani da maɓuɓɓugan da ke da ƙanshin ƙwararraki don inganta ta'aziyyar motar ba; Hakanan za'a iya rage matsayin injin, kuma tsakiyar nauyi na motar ana iya saukar da shi, don haka inganta kwanciyar hankali na motar; Manyan ƙafafun hagu da dama suna tsalle daban-daban kuma suna da 'yanci ga juna, wanda zai iya rage karkatar da jikin jikin motar. Koyaya, dakatarwar 'yanci tana da rashin nasarar da hadadden tsari, babban farashi da kuma m tabbatarwa. Yawancin motocin zamani suna amfani da dakatarwar hutu masu zaman kansu. A cewar sifofin daban-daban na tsari daban-daban, ana iya rarraba matakan dakatarwa mai zaman kansu zuwa Walsan dakatarwa, dakatarwar hanyar, da dakatarwar kyandir.
bege
Hakin hannu-ors yana nufin dakatarwar da ta fice a cikin abin da ƙafafun lilo a cikin jirgin sama mai canzawa. An kasu kashi biyu na hannu biyu kuma dakatarwa guda-ko rigakafi guda gwargwadon adadin giciye-makamai.
Nau'in Wopbone guda yana da fa'idar sauki na tsari mai sauƙi, babban cibiyar da ƙarfin anti-mirgine. Koyaya, tare da karuwar motocin motocin zamani, cibiyar da take wuce haddi a waƙar da ke wuce haddi a cikin wada a lokacin da ƙafafun tafiye zai karu. Haka kuma, motocin da ke tsaye na hagu na hagu da dama zai kasance da yawa a lokacin kaifi ya juya, wanda ya haifar da karuwar kabilun ƙafafun. Matsakaicin gefen motar na baya yana raguwa, wanda ya haifar da yanayin mummunan yanayin wutsiyar wutsiya mai sauri. An yi amfani da dakatarwar 'yanci guda ɗaya a cikin hanyar dakatarwa, amma saboda ba zai iya biyan bukatun tuki mai sauri ba, ba a amfani da shi da yawa a halin yanzu.
An dakatar da dakatarwar 'yanci sau biyu zuwa daidai-diddima biyu na wo wasewa da kuma ƙananan giciye da ƙananan na sama daidai gwargwado. Daidaitaccen dakatarwar wasanni biyu na iya ci gaba da kula da KingPin ya ci gaba da yin tsalle sama da ƙasa, amma ba a yin amfani da mummunar wiwi guda ɗaya), kuma ba a sanya shi a yanzu. Don rashin daidaituwa - dakatarwar wasanni biyu, muddin an zabi tsawon mafi girma da kuma ingantaccen tsari, kuma ta hanyar da aka fi dacewa da su yana da kwanciyar hankali mai kyau. A halin yanzu, an yi amfani da abin da ba a sani ba a gaban dakatarwar motoci biyu na motoci na gaba da na baya da motocin wasu motocin wasanni da tsere na wasu tsarin dakatarwa.
