Shifting shi ne taƙaitawar "hanyar aikin motsa jiki", wanda ke nufin tsarin aiki wanda direba ya ci gaba da canza matsayi na lever tare da yanayin hanya da saurin abin hawa ta hanyoyi daban-daban na tunani da ilimin lissafi.A cikin tsarin tuƙi na dogon lokaci, mutane sun wuce shi saboda taƙaitaccen sunansa.Yawan amfani yana da yawa sosai.Da kuma yadda ƙwararrun aikin (musamman motar watsawa ta hannu) ke shafar lafiyar tuƙin mutane kai tsaye.
Abin da ake kira "hanyar aikin lever" yana iyakance ga "shift lever" kanta;yayin da motsi ba kawai ya haɗa da "hanyar aikin lever ba", amma mafi mahimmanci, a kan yanayin cimma manufa (canzawa), ciki har da ƙididdigar saurin abin hawa, da dai sauransu. Duk hanyoyin halayen halayen tunani da na jiki, ciki har da bangarori.
Ana iya taƙaita buƙatun fasaha don sauya kayan aiki a cikin kalmomi takwas: daidaitaccen lokaci, daidai, barga da sauri.
Kan lokaci: Jagora daidai lokacin canzawa, wato, kada ku ƙara kayan aiki da wuri, kuma kada ku rage kayan aiki da wuri.
Daidai: Fedalin clutch, pedal accelerator da gear lever yakamata a daidaita su daidai kuma a daidaita su, kuma matsayinsu ya zama daidai.
Barga: Bayan matsawa zuwa sabon kayan aiki, saki fedalin kama a cikin lokaci da kwanciyar hankali.
Mai sauri: Ya kamata aikin ya zama mai sauri don rage lokacin motsi, rage asarar makamashin motsi na mota, da rage yawan man fetur.
aiki
toshe
(1) Abubuwan da ake buƙata na ƙara toshe.Kafin motar ta ƙara kayan aiki, bisa ga yanayin hanya da zirga-zirga, taka kan feda na totur a hankali kuma a hankali ƙara saurin motar.Wannan tsari shi ake kira "gaggauta mota".Lokacin da saurin abin hawa ya dace don matsawa zuwa mafi girman kaya, nan da nan ya ɗaga fedar haɓaka, taka kan ƙwallon ƙafar clutch, kuma matsar da ledar gear zuwa babban kaya;Tafiya lafiya.Dangane da halin da ake ciki, yi amfani da wannan hanya don matsawa zuwa babban kaya.Makullin haɓaka mai santsi shine girman "motar gaggawa".Ya kamata a ƙayyade nisa na "motar gaggawa" bisa ga matakin ƙarar kayan aiki.Mafi girman kayan aikin, mafi tsayin nisa "motar gaggawa".A lokacin da ake "gaggawa", ya kamata a yi tada feda na totur a hankali, kuma matsakaicin gudun ya kamata a tashi da sauri.Lokacin da aka ɗora kayan aikin, bayan an canza zuwa babban kayan aiki, ya kamata a ɗaga fedar kama da sauri zuwa matsayi mai alaƙa.Ya kamata a dakatar da shi na ɗan lokaci sannan a ɗaga shi a hankali don canja wurin wutar lantarki lafiya kuma a guje wa haifar da abin hawa don "gaggawa gaba" bayan motsi.
(2)Lokacin karuwa.Lokacin da motar ke tuƙi, muddin yanayin hanya da yanayin zirga-zirga ya ba da izini, ya kamata a matsar da ita zuwa mafi girma kaya a cikin lokaci.Kafin ƙara kayan aiki, dole ne ku hanzarta "motar gaggawa" don tabbatar da cewa akwai isasshen wutar lantarki don ci gaba da tafiya cikin sauƙi bayan motsi.Idan "rush" (gudun abin hawa) ya yi ƙanƙanta (ƙananan), zai haifar da rashin ƙarfi da jitter bayan motsi;idan lokacin "rush" ya yi tsayi sosai, injin zai yi aiki da sauri na dogon lokaci, wanda zai kara lalacewa da raguwa da tattalin arziki.Saboda haka, "motar gaggawa" ya kamata ya dace, kuma ya kamata a ƙara kayan aiki cikin lokaci.Ya kamata a ƙayyade lokacin kayan aiki bisa ga sautin injin, gudu da ƙarfi.Idan ka taka fedal ɗin totur bayan an motsa, saurin injin ɗin ya ragu kuma ƙarfin bai isa ba, yana nufin cewa lokacin juyawa ya yi da wuri.
Tsarin aiki: ƙara ƙananan kaya zuwa babban kayan aiki, da kyau a zubar da man mota don kiyayewa;mataki daya don ɗaukar mataki na biyu don rataya, da ɗaga uku don ƙara mai.
Abubuwan aiki: hanzarta motar don haɓaka don jin sautin, taka kan kama kuma zaɓi tsaka tsaki;jira har sai an ji sautin mai, sannan ku taka clutch ɗin ku ƙara kayan aiki.
saukarwa
(1) Mahimmancin rage Gear.Saki fedal na totur, taka kafar clutch da sauri, matsar da lever din zuwa tsaka tsaki, sannan a saki fedar clutch, da sauri ta taka kafar da kafar dama (ƙara "mai mara komai"), sannan da sauri ta taka tafen ɗin. , matsar da lever na gear zuwa ƙaramin matakin Gear, danna hanyar saurin tsayawa-slow don sakin fedar clutch, ta yadda motar ta ci gaba da tuƙi a cikin sabon kayan.
(2) Lokacin saukarwa.Lokacin tuƙi, lokacin da kuka ji cewa ƙarfin injin ɗin bai isa ba kuma saurin abin hawa yana raguwa a hankali, yana nufin cewa kayan aikin na asali ba za su iya kula da yadda ake tuƙi na al'ada ba, kuma yakamata ku canza zuwa ƙaramin gear cikin lokaci da sauri. .Idan an rage saurin gudu sosai, zaku iya tsallake saukowa.
Tsarin aiki: rage zuwa ƙananan kayan aiki lokacin da kuka isa gear, kada ku firgita lokacin da kuka ga saurin motar;mataki daya ya dauko dagawa na biyu, sai mataki na uku ya canza mai ya ci gaba.
Abubuwan aiki: ɗauki abin totur kuma zaɓi tsaka tsaki, kuma ku kwashe mai gwargwadon saurin abin hawa;yayin da sautin mai ba ya ɓacewa, danna kama kuma canza zuwa ƙaramin kaya.
motsi na hannu
Don motar watsawa ta hannu, ba za a iya watsi da mahimmancin kama ba don tuƙi cikin yardar kaina.Lokacin tuƙi, kada ka taka ƙafar kama ko sanya ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ka a kowane lokaci, sai dai lokacin da motar ta tashi, motsi da birki a cikin ƙananan gudu, kana buƙatar taka ƙafar clutch.
Daidaitaccen aiki a farawa.Abubuwan da ake buƙata na aikin fedal ɗin kama lokacin farawa shine "sauri ɗaya, jinkirin biyu, haɗin kai uku".Wato idan aka daga feda, sai a daga shi da sauri;lokacin da kamanni ya bayyana mai haɗin gwiwa (sautin injin yana canzawa a wannan lokacin), saurin hawan feda yana ɗan raguwa;daga haɗin kai zuwa cikakkiyar haɗin gwiwa, an ɗaga fedal a hankali a cikin kama.Yayin da ake ɗaga ƙafar ƙafa, a hankali a danne fedalin ƙarar gwargwadon juriyar injin ɗin, ta yadda motar ta fara tashi lafiya.
Daidaitaccen aiki lokacin canja kayan aiki.Lokacin da za a canza kayan aiki yayin tuki, yakamata a tako fedar clutch da sauri kuma a ɗaga shi, kuma kada a sami wani abu mai alaƙa da juna, in ba haka ba, za a ƙara sa suturar kama.Bugu da ƙari, kula da haɗin gwiwa tare da maƙura lokacin aiki.Domin yin motsin kayan aiki da santsi da rage lalacewa na tsarin canja wurin watsawa da kamawa, ana ba da shawarar "hanyar canza kama mai kafa biyu".Kodayake wannan hanya ta fi rikitarwa don aiki, hanya ce mai kyau don adana kuɗi ta hanyar tuki.
Amfani da kyau lokacin yin birki.A cikin tuƙi na mota, baya ga ƙaramar birki don dakatar da feda ɗin clutch, yi ƙoƙarin kada ku sanya ƙafar clutch lokacin yin birki a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi.
Ikon watsawa na hannu yana da ɗan rikitarwa, kuma akwai wasu ƙwarewa da tukwici.Don neman iko, mabuɗin shine fahimtar lokacin motsi kuma bari motar ta yi sauri da ƙarfi.Maganar ka'ida, lokacin da injin gabaɗaya ya kusa kusa da mafi girman karfin, hanzarin shine ya fi wartsakewa.
canjin mota ta atomatik
Kwamfuta tana sarrafa motsin kayan aiki ta atomatik, kuma aikin yana da sauƙi.
1. Lokacin tuƙi akan hanya madaidaiciya, gabaɗaya a yi amfani da kayan "D".Idan kuna tuƙi akan hanya mai cunkoso a cikin birni, canza zuwa kayan aiki na 3 don samun ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.
2. Jagoran birki na taimako na ƙafar hagu.Idan kana son hawan wani ɗan gajeren gangare kafin shiga filin ajiye motoci, za ka iya sarrafa abin totur da ƙafar dama, sannan ka taka birki tare da ƙafar hagu don sarrafa abin hawa don ci gaba a hankali don guje wa karo na baya-baya.
Mai zaɓin kaya na watsawa ta atomatik yana daidai da lever ɗin kayan aikin watsawa.Gabaɗaya, akwai gears masu zuwa: P (parking), R (gear baya), N (tsakaici), D (gaba), S (ko2, wanda shine 2).gear), L (ko 1, wato, gear na farko).Daidaitaccen amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin yana da mahimmanci musamman ga waɗanda ke tuka motar watsawa ta atomatik.Bayan fara abin hawa tare da watsawa ta atomatik, idan kuna son ci gaba da ingantaccen aikin haɓakawa, koyaushe kuna iya kula da buɗewar buɗewa mai girma, kuma watsawa ta atomatik zai matsa sama zuwa babban kaya a cikin sauri mafi girma;idan kuna son tafiya mai santsi, za ku iya ɗaukar fedar iskar gas da sauƙi a daidai lokacin da watsawa zai tashi ta atomatik.Tsayar da jujjuyawar injin ɗin ƙasa a cikin gudu ɗaya yana haifar da ingantacciyar tattalin arziki da tafiya mai natsuwa.A wannan lokacin, a hankali danna fedalin totur don ci gaba da hanzari, kuma watsawa ba zai koma ainihin kayan aikin nan da nan ba.Wannan shi ne ci gaba na haɓakawa da ayyukan saukar da ƙasa wanda mai ƙira ya tsara don hana sauyawa akai-akai.Fahimtar wannan gaskiyar, zaku iya jin daɗin jin daɗin tuƙi ta hanyar watsawa ta atomatik kamar yadda kuke so.
tattalin arziki
Daukar motar Audi a matsayin misali, yayin da take tuki a tsawon kilomita 40 da kilomita 100 a cikin sa'a guda, saurin injin yakan kai 1800-2000 rpm, kuma zai tashi zuwa kusan 3000 rpm yayin saurin sauri.Sabili da haka, ana iya la'akari da cewa 2000 rpm shine saurin tattalin arziki, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman tunani don watsawar hannu.
Kwatanta kallo, 1.8 da 1.8T motocin watsawa na hannu suna tuƙi sosai a cikin wannan saurin a cikin kowane kayan aiki lokacin da injin ya kasance 2000 rpm.Masu mallakar da ke fatan ceton mai na iya jujjuya kayan aiki a kusa da 2000 rpm, yayin da waɗanda ke bin iko na iya jinkirta canzawa yadda ya kamata.
