Babban aikin haɗa hannun sarrafa mota
Haɗa hannun sarrafawa, a matsayin "tsarin" tsarin dakatar da mota, shine babban wurin haɗawa tsakanin ƙafafun da jiki. Aikinsa kai tsaye yana ƙayyade yadda motar za ta iya sarrafawa, jin daɗinta, da amincinta. Manyan ayyukansa sune kamar haka:
Jagorar da ta dace da kuma kula da hanyoyin tafiya
Hannun sarrafawa, ta hanyar haɗin ƙwallon ƙwallo da kuma robar bushing, yana aiki kamar "waƙa mara ganuwa" don iyakance kewayon motsi na ƙafafun. Ko dai daidai ne lokacin shiga yayin tuƙi ko tsalle-tsalle sama da ƙasa akan hanyoyi masu tsauri, yana tabbatar da cewa ƙafafun koyaushe suna bin hanyar da aka saita, suna guje wa yanayi masu haɗari kamar karkatarwa ko yin tsalle-tsalle. Misali, yayin canza layin sauri mai sauri, hannun sarrafawa mai aiki da kyau zai iya kiyaye jikin abin hawa cikin sauƙi, yayin da hannun sarrafawa mai tsufa da ya gaza zai sa jikin abin hawa ya yi girgiza, wanda hakan ke ƙara haɗarin haɗurra sosai.
Watsawa da buffering na ƙarfi mai girma da yawa
Ƙarfin da ake samu yayin tafiyar ababen hawa, kamar tsayin daka (ƙarfin birki), gefe (ƙarfin centrifugal yayin juyawa), da kuma tsaye (nauyin abin hawa, ƙarfin tasirin hanya), sun kai sama da kashi 90% waɗanda ake buƙatar a tura su zuwa ga jiki ta hannun sarrafawa. Rubuce-rubucen roba ko na hydraulic da aka sanye su da su suna aiki kamar "buffers", suna tace kashi 30% zuwa 70% na girgizar hanya kuma suna canza mummunan tasirin zuwa makamashin motsi mai laushi, suna kare firam ɗin daga lalacewa da haɓaka jin daɗin hawa. Masu motoci da yawa sun ba da rahoton cewa bayan maye gurbin hannun sarrafawa na masana'anta, bugun bugun gudu "mai ƙarfi" ya faru ne saboda rashin isasshen aikin buffer na bushings na bayan kasuwa.
Inganta yanayin hulɗa da taya
Hannun sarrafawa zai iya daidaita kusurwar sa ta hanyar daidaitawa don kiyaye tayoyin koyaushe a cikin yanayin hulɗa mafi kyau. Sakamakon da aka auna ya nuna cewa yana iya ƙara yankin hulɗa da kashi 15%. Wannan ba wai kawai yana ƙara riƙewa ba, yana rage nisan birki, har ma yana hana lalacewar taya ba daidai ba. Masu motoci da yawa suna fuskantar matsalar "lalacewar taya", wanda galibi yakan faru ne sakamakon haɗin ƙwallon da aka saki ko kuma nakasassu na hannun sarrafawa, wanda ke haifar da daidaiton ƙafafun da bai dace ba.
Kariyar tsaro da daidaiton aiki
Hannun sarrafawa, wanda aka yi da ƙarfe mai ƙarfi ko aluminum, zai iya jure nauyin abin hawa sau uku fiye da ƙarfin buguwa. A cikin manyan kumbura ko karo, yana iya shan makamashi ta hanyar canjin da aka riga aka tsara, kamar "garkuwa mai ɗaukar makamashi", yana kare firam ɗin da ɗakin fasinja. A lokaci guda, yana aiki tare da tsarin dakatarwa don danne abin da ke faruwa "kai sama" yadda ya kamata yayin birki ba zato ba tsammani da "kai sama" yayin hanzarin kwatsam, yana kiyaye daidaiton motsi na abin hawa, da kuma sa tuƙi ya fi kwanciyar hankali da aminci.
Kurakuran da aka saba gani da kuma gano tarin hannun sarrafawa
Kurakuran haɗin hannun sarrafawa galibi suna ta'azzara ne a cikin bushings, haɗin ƙwallon ƙafa, da jikin hannu, kuma siginar kuskuren galibi tana da yanayin ci gaba, wanda ke buƙatar masu motoci su kula da su:
Hayaniyar da ba ta dace ba ta Chassis: Siginar farko
Idan abin hawa ya bugi ƙugiya ko ya yi tsalle, ana jin sautin "ƙara" ko "danna" daga chassis ɗin. Wannan wataƙila saboda tsufa da fashewar ƙugiya ko lalacewa da sassauta haɗin ƙwallon, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar gibin da ke tsakanin abubuwan haɗin da karo na ƙarfe, wanda ke haifar da hayaniya mara kyau; idan akwai sautin "danna" yayin tuƙi ko buga ƙugiya, galibi yana faruwa ne saboda rashin isasshen man shafawa ko taurarewar ƙugiya, wanda ke haifar da gogayya kai tsaye tsakanin maƙallin ƙarfe da ƙugiya.
Matsalolin aiki: Rage kwanciyar hankali a tuƙi
Idan ana tuƙi a layi madaidaiciya, abin hawa yana juyawa ba tare da saninsa ba, yana buƙatar gyara sitiyarin akai-akai; yayin tuƙi mai sauri, sitiyarin yana girgiza, kuma abin hawa yana shawagi; yayin tuƙi, karkacewar matsayin ƙafafun yana ƙara girma, kuma komawar zuwa tsakiya yana da jinkiri, duk waɗannan alamu ne na lahani na hannun sarrafawa. Misali, masu BMW galibi suna fuskantar matsaloli tare da ƙaruwar ikon sarrafa sitiyarin da karkacewa daga layin, galibi saboda tsagewa ko kwance hannun roba na ƙasan hannu, wanda ke haifar da daidaiton ƙafafun ba daidai ba.
Rashin tayoyi mara kyau: asarar tattalin arziki da aka ɓoye
Lalacewar hannu ko lalacewar bushing zai kawo cikas ga sigogin daidaita tayoyin, wanda hakan zai haifar da rashin daidaiton rarraba matsin lamba ta taya, wanda kuma zai haifar da lalacewa ta gefe ɗaya, ko kuma lalacewa ta hanyar lanƙwasa ko kuma ta hanyar sawtooth. Wannan lalacewa ta rashin daidaituwa ba wai kawai tana rage tsawon rayuwar tayar ba, tana ƙara farashin aiki, har ma tana ƙara shafar aikin sarrafa abin hawa, wanda hakan ke haifar da mummunan zagaye.
Girgizar jikin mota: Rage jin daɗi sosai
Tsufa da gazawar hannun sarrafawa za su karya daidaiton motsi na abin hawa, wanda hakan zai ƙara tsananta yanayin "girgiza" yayin birki ba zato ba tsammani, da kuma ƙara yawan jin girgiza a cikin abin hawa lokacin da yake wucewa ta kan tituna masu cike da matsaloli, wanda hakan zai sa ƙwarewar hawa ta zama kamar "zama a kan jirgin ruwa". A halin yanzu, raguwar ingancin shaƙar girgiza zai kuma kasance tare da ƙaruwar hayaniyar taya da hayaniyar hanya, wanda hakan zai ƙara rage jin daɗin tuƙi da hawa.
Shawarwari Kan Kula da Laifi da Kulawa
Rashin nasarar bangaren kula da lafiya ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba. Idan ba a magance shi cikin lokaci ba, zai iya haifar da manyan haɗurra na tsaro. Kulawa ta yau da kullun ya kamata a kula da waɗannan abubuwa:
Dubawa akai-akai: Ana ba da shawarar a gudanar da cikakken bincike na hannun sarrafawa duk bayan kilomita dubu 6-8 ko kuma bayan kowace shekara 3. A kula da musamman ko an fashe bututun, ko haɗin ƙwallon ya saki, da kuma ko jikin hannun ya lalace. Bayan damina, ya zama dole a kula da rigakafin tsatsa da kuma guje wa tsatsa daga ƙusoshin.
Gyaran Lokaci: Idan aka gamu da sautuka marasa kyau, karkacewa, da sauransu, ko alamun lahani, ya kamata a yi gyara nan take. Ana iya ɗage ƙananan tsagewa a cikin bushing don maye gurbinsu, amma idan akwai tsagewa mai tsanani, rabuwa, ko nakasa a jikin hannu, dole ne a maye gurbin sassan akan lokaci. Lokacin maye gurbin gefe ɗaya kawai, ana ba da shawarar a duba yanayin lalacewa na hannun sarrafawa a ɗayan gefen kuma.
Zaɓin Kayan Aiki: Zai fi kyau a zaɓi kayan haɗi na asali na masana'anta ko na alama masu inganci, kamar Vika, Lennford Owl, da sauransu. Shagunan 4S galibi suna ba da shawarar maye gurbin dukkan kayan haɗin, wanda ya fi tsada; shagunan gyaran yau da kullun na waje na iya maye gurbin bushing ɗin su kaɗai, wanda zai iya adana kuɗi mai yawa, amma ya zama dole a tabbatar da cewa tsarin gyaran ya cika ƙa'idodi.
Shigarwa ta Ƙwararru: Bayan an maye gurbin hannun sarrafawa, ya zama dole a yi amfani da maƙulli mai ƙarfi don ƙara maƙullan daidai da ƙarfin juyi na yau da kullun kuma a yi daidaita ƙafafun huɗu don tabbatar da cewa sigogin daidaita ƙafafun sun koma daidai. In ba haka ba, matsalar na iya sake faruwa.
Idan kana son ƙarin bayani, ci gaba da karanta sauran labaran da ke wannan shafin!
Don Allah a kira mu idan kuna buƙatar irin waɗannan kayayyaki.
Kudin hannun jari Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. ta kuduri aniyar sayar da MG&MAXUSsassan mota maraba siya.
