Mota Turbocharger: Jarumin da aka ɓoye da kuma kurakuran da ka iya tasowa na Injin Wutar Lantarki
A wannan zamani na ci gaba da ci gaban fasaha a cikin motoci, turbocharger ya zama muhimmin sashi don haɓaka aikin injin. Yana kama da gwarzo a bayan fage, yana kawo ƙarin aiki mai ƙarfi da ingantaccen tattalin arzikin mai ga motoci. Duk da haka, wannan jarumin yana da lokutan "fushi". Kurakurai daban-daban na iya shafar aikin sa na yau da kullun, wanda hakan ke shafar aikin abin hawa.
Babban aikin turbocharger
Turbocharger ainihin mashin ɗin iska ne. Yana amfani da makamashin shaye-shaye daga injin don tuƙa injin a cikin gidan. Sannan turbine ɗin yana tuƙa coaxial impeller, yana matse iskar kuma yana ƙara ta kafin ya aika ta cikin silinda. Wannan tsari yana ƙara yawan shan injin sosai, ta haka yana ƙara ingancin konewar mai da kuma ba injin damar fitar da wutar lantarki har zuwa kashi 30% tare da irin wannan ƙarfin shaye-shaye.
Dangane da inganta wutar lantarki, tasirin turbocharger abin mamaki ne kwarai da gaske. Misali, ƙarfin injin turbocharged mai ƙarfin 1.8T zai iya yin gogayya da injin lita 2.4 da ake sha'awarsa ta halitta, yayin da yawan man fetur yake kama da na injin lita 1.8. A fagen tsere, turbocharger yana haskakawa sosai. Yana ba injinan da ke da ƙarancin motsi damar samun ƙarin ƙarfi, yana ba su fa'ida a filin tsere.
Baya ga inganta wutar lantarki, turbochargers suna kuma yin aiki mai kyau a fannin tattalin arzikin mai da kuma kare muhalli. Ta hanyar inganta ingancin konewa, yana iya rage yawan amfani da mai, yawanci yana adana kashi 3% zuwa 5%. A lokaci guda, inganta ingancin konewa yana taimakawa wajen rage fitar da sinadarai masu cutarwa kamar barbashi da nitrogen oxides, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kare muhalli. Bugu da ƙari, turbochargers suna da aikin diyya mai tsayi, wanda zai iya shawo kan raguwar wutar lantarki na injuna a wurare masu tsayi da iska mai laushi ke haifarwa.
Kurakurai da mafita na yau da kullun na turbochargers
Duk da cewa turbochargers suna da fa'idodi bayyanannu, suna iya fuskantar kurakurai daban-daban yayin amfani na dogon lokaci.
Lalacewar ɓuya na ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin da suka fi yawa. Idan yawan man ya yi yawa amma launin hayakin hayakin ya zama na yau da kullun kuma wutar ba ta shafi ba, yana iya zama bututun mai na turbocharger yana zubar da ruwa. A wannan lokacin, duba ko zoben rufewa yana nan. Idan ya lalace, a maye gurbinsa nan take. Idan yawan man ya yi yawa kuma hayakin ya fitar da hayakin shuɗi amma wutar ba ta canza ba, yana iya zama cewa zoben rufewa a ƙarshen matsewa ya gaza. Duba ingancin bututun mai na dawowa kuma a yi gyara. Idan yawan man ya yi yawa, hayakin yana fitar da hayakin shuɗi ko baƙi, kuma wutar ta ragu, yana iya zama cewa gibin da ke tsakanin piston da silinda ya yi yawa, wanda ke haifar da mai ya shiga ɗakin ƙonewa. A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike na injin.
Bai kamata a yi watsi da kurakuran asarar wutar lantarki ba. Misali, idan turbocharger na BMW 2 Series ya lalace, akwai yiwuwar asarar wutar lantarki. Abubuwan da ke haifar da asarar wutar lantarki suna da yawa. Misali, idan tsarin shigar iska ya toshe, toshewar matatar iska zai haifar da rashin isasshen iskar shiga, yana shafar aikin turbocharger na yau da kullun. A wannan lokacin, tsaftace ko maye gurbin matatar iska. Hakanan yana iya zama cewa farantin murfin bawul ɗin wucewa ba a rufe shi sosai ba, wanda ke haifar da zubewar matsi. Sauya farantin murfin bawul ɗin wucewa kawai zai iya magance matsalar.
Sautin gogayya na ƙarfe, fitar da hayaki baƙi, da rage wutar lantarki suma sun cancanci a kula da su. Idan turbocharger yana yin sautin gogayya na ƙarfe, shaƙar tana fitar da hayaki baƙi, kuma wutar tana raguwa, yana iya zama cewa turbocharger rotor bearing ko put bearing sun lalace sosai, wanda ke sa impeller ya shafa a kan turbocharger. A wannan lokacin, yana da mahimmanci a gyara ko maye gurbin abubuwan da suka dace da bearing a kan lokaci. Haka kuma, lokacin da flap ɗin ya saki kuma ya yi karo, injin zai yi ƙara mai ƙarfi yayin fara sanyi, kuma hatimin ba zai yi tsauri ba. Hawan sauri zai haifar da gazawar tsarin watsawa.
Lalacewar abubuwan waje na faruwa lokaci zuwa lokaci. Rashin rufe bututun shiga mara kyau, tare da shigar da kayan ba ta ratsa matattarar ba kuma kai tsaye shiga cikin impeller na compressor, ko rashin maye gurbin matattarar iska kamar yadda ake buƙata, na iya haifar da abubuwan waje shiga turbocharger da lalata ƙarshen fuskar compressor. Lalacewar sassan da ke cikin silinda na injin dizal, ko abubuwan waje shiga cikin bututun hayaki yayin gyara, na iya haifar da lalacewar radial ga rotor ko shaft ɗin watsawa, wanda daga ƙarshe ke haifar da toshewar rotor ko karyewar shaft. Don rage faruwar gazawar turbocharger, amfani da kyau da kulawa a kowace rana suna da matuƙar mahimmanci. Bayan an kunna injin, ya kamata ya yi aiki na kimanin mintuna 3. A lokacin hunturu, ya kamata a dumama injin na akalla mintuna 5 ko fiye don ba da damar man injin ya shafa turbocharger gaba ɗaya. Bayan tuƙi da babban gudu ko hawa gangara, kada a kashe injin nan da nan. Madadin haka, ci gaba da aiki na kimanin minti 1 don tabbatar da cewa an shafa man turbocharger gaba ɗaya. A lokaci guda, ya zama dole a maye gurbin man injin da matattarar mai akai-akai. Yi amfani da man shafawa da abubuwan tacewa da aka ƙayyade don guje wa lahani da ke tattare da rashin tsafta ko rashin isasshen man shafawa.
A ƙarshe, turbocharger yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin wutar lantarki na motoci. Fahimtar aikinsa da kurakuran da aka saba gani, da kuma sanin hanyoyin da suka dace na amfani da gyara, zai iya tabbatar da cewa yana ci gaba da samar da ƙarfi ga motar kuma yana raka mu a cikin tafiya mai sauƙi.
Idan kana son ƙarin bayani, ci gaba da karanta sauran labaran da ke wannan shafin!
Don Allah a kira mu idan kuna buƙatar irin waɗannan kayayyaki.
Kudin hannun jari Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. ta kuduri aniyar sayar da MG&MAXUSsassan mota maraba siya.
