Na'urar dumama jiki (thermostat) bawul ce da ke sarrafa hanyar kwararar ruwan sanyaya. Na'urar daidaita zafin jiki ce ta atomatik, wacce yawanci ke ɗauke da kayan da ke gano zafin jiki, wanda ke kunnawa da kashe kwararar iska, iskar gas ko ruwa ta hanyar faɗaɗa zafin jiki ko sanyi.
Na'urar auna zafin jiki tana daidaita adadin ruwan da ke shiga na'urar auna zafin jiki ta atomatik bisa ga zafin ruwan sanyaya, kuma tana canza yanayin zagayawa na ruwan don daidaita ƙarfin watsa zafi na tsarin sanyaya da kuma tabbatar da cewa injin yana aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai dacewa. Dole ne a kiyaye na'urar auna zafin jiki a cikin yanayi mai kyau na fasaha, in ba haka ba zai yi tasiri sosai ga aikin injin na yau da kullun. Idan babban bawul na na'urar auna zafin jiki ya buɗe a makare, zai sa injin ya yi zafi sosai; idan babban bawul ɗin ya buɗe da wuri, lokacin dumama injin zai tsawaita kuma zafin injin zai yi ƙasa sosai.
Gabaɗaya, aikin thermostat shine hana injin yin sanyi sosai. Misali, bayan injin yana aiki yadda ya kamata, zafin injin na iya yin ƙasa sosai idan babu thermostat lokacin tuki a lokacin hunturu. A wannan lokacin, injin yana buƙatar dakatar da rashin zagayawa na ruwa na ɗan lokaci don tabbatar da cewa zafin injin bai yi ƙasa sosai ba.
Yadda thermostat ɗin kakin zuma ke aiki
Babban ma'aunin zafi da ake amfani da shi shine ma'aunin zafi da sanyi irin na kakin zuma. Idan zafin sanyi ya yi ƙasa da ƙimar da aka ƙayyade, paraffin mai kyau a cikin jikin na'urar auna zafin jiki zai yi ƙarfi, kuma bawul ɗin zafi da zafi yana rufe tsakanin injin da mai sanyaya a ƙarƙashin aikin bazara. Ana mayar da mai sanyaya zuwa injin ta hanyar famfon ruwa don ƙaramin zagayawa a cikin injin. Lokacin da zafin ruwan ya kai ƙimar da aka ƙayyade, paraffin zai fara narkewa kuma a hankali ya zama ruwa, kuma ƙarar ta ƙaru kuma bututun roba yana matsewa don raguwa. Lokacin da bututun roba ya ƙaru, ana amfani da tura sama zuwa sandar turawa, kuma sandar turawa tana da juyawa baya a kan bawul ɗin don buɗe bawul ɗin. A wannan lokacin, mai sanyaya yana gudana ta cikin mai sanyaya da bawul ɗin zafi da zafi, sannan ya koma injin ta hanyar famfon ruwa don babban zagaye. Yawancin ma'aunin zafi da zafi suna cikin bututun fitar da ruwa na kan silinda. Fa'idar wannan ita ce tsarin yana da sauƙi, kuma yana da sauƙin cire kumfa iska a cikin tsarin sanyaya; rashin amfani shine cewa mai sanyaya sau da yawa ana buɗewa da rufewa yayin aiki, wanda ke haifar da juyawa.
Hukuncin Jiha
Idan injin ya fara yin sanyi, idan akwai ruwan sanyaya da ke fitowa daga bututun shiga na babban ɗakin ruwa na tankin ruwa, hakan na nufin ba za a iya rufe babban bawul ɗin thermostat ba; idan zafin ruwan sanyaya na injin ya wuce digiri 70, ɗakin ruwa na sama na tankin ruwa ya shiga. Idan babu ruwan sanyaya da ke fitowa daga bututun ruwa, hakan na nufin ba za a iya buɗe babban bawul ɗin thermostat ba yadda ya kamata, kuma ana buƙatar gyara a wannan lokacin. Ana iya duba thermostat ɗin a kan abin hawa kamar haka:
Dubawa bayan an kunna injin: Buɗe murfin shigar ruwa na radiator, idan matakin sanyaya a cikin radiator ɗin ya tsaya cak, yana nufin cewa thermostat ɗin yana aiki yadda ya kamata; in ba haka ba, yana nufin cewa thermostat ɗin ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata. Wannan saboda lokacin da zafin ruwa ya yi ƙasa da 70°C, silinda mai faɗaɗa na thermostat ɗin yana cikin yanayin da aka ƙulla kuma babban bawul ɗin yana rufewa; lokacin da zafin ruwa ya fi 80°C, silinda mai faɗaɗawa yana faɗaɗa, babban bawul ɗin yana buɗewa a hankali, kuma ruwan da ke zagayawa a cikin radiator ɗin ya fara gudana. Lokacin da ma'aunin zafin ruwa ya nuna ƙasa da 70°C, idan akwai ruwa yana gudana a bututun shiga na radiator kuma zafin ruwan yana da ɗumi, yana nufin cewa babban bawul ɗin thermostat ɗin ba a rufe shi sosai ba, wanda ke haifar da ruwan sanyaya ya zagaya da wuri.
Duba bayan da zafin ruwa ya tashi: A farkon matakin aikin injin, zafin ruwa yana ƙaruwa da sauri; lokacin da ma'aunin zafin ruwa ya nuna 80, ƙimar dumama yana raguwa, wanda ke nuna cewa na'urar auna zafin jiki tana aiki yadda ya kamata. Akasin haka, idan zafin ruwa yana ƙaruwa da sauri, lokacin da matsin lamba na ciki ya kai wani matsayi, ruwan tafasar zai cika ba zato ba tsammani, wanda ke nufin cewa babban bawul ɗin ya makale kuma ba zato ba tsammani ya buɗe.
Idan ma'aunin zafin ruwa ya nuna 70°C-80°C, buɗe murfin radiator da maɓallin magudanar ruwa na radiator, sannan ka ji zafin ruwan da hannu. Idan duka biyun suna da zafi, yana nufin cewa thermostat yana aiki yadda ya kamata; idan zafin ruwan da ke wurin shigar ruwa na radiator ya yi ƙasa, kuma radiator ya cika. Idan babu ruwa da ke fitowa ko ƙaramin ruwa da ke gudana a bututun shigar ruwa na ɗakin, yana nufin ba za a iya buɗe babban bawul na thermostat ba.
Ya kamata a cire na'urar dumama da ta makale ko ba a rufe ta sosai don tsaftacewa ko gyarawa, kuma kada a yi amfani da ita nan take.
Dubawa na yau da kullun
Matsayin makullin thermostat
Matsayin makullin thermostat
A cewar bayanin, tsawon rayuwar na'urar dumama kakin zuma gabaɗaya kilomita 50,000 ne, don haka ana buƙatar a riƙa maye gurbinsa akai-akai gwargwadon tsawon lokacin da zai ɗauka.
Wurin da na'urar dumama jiki ke tsayawa
Hanyar duba na'urar auna zafin jiki ita ce a duba zafin buɗewa, a buɗe zafin jiki gaba ɗaya, sannan a ɗaga babban bawul ɗin na'urar auna zafin jiki mai daidaitawa a cikin na'urorin dumama zafin jiki mai daidaitawa. Idan ɗayansu bai cika ƙa'idar da aka ƙayyade ba, ya kamata a maye gurbin na'urar auna zafin jiki. Misali, ga na'urar auna zafin jiki ta injin Santana JV, zafin buɗewar babban bawul ɗin shine 87°C da ƙari ko ƙasa da 2°C, zafin buɗewa gaba ɗaya shine 102°C da ƙari ko ƙasa da 3°C, kuma lif ɗin da aka buɗe gaba ɗaya shine >7mm.
Tsarin thermostat
Gabaɗaya, sanyaya tsarin sanyaya ruwa yana shigowa daga jiki kuma yana fitowa daga kan silinda. Yawancin thermostats suna cikin layin fitar da kan silinda. Fa'idar wannan tsari shine cewa tsarin yana da sauƙi, kuma yana da sauƙin cire kumfa iska a cikin tsarin sanyaya ruwa; rashin amfani shine cewa juyawa yana faruwa lokacin da thermostat ke aiki.
Misali, lokacin kunna injin sanyi a lokacin hunturu, bawul ɗin thermostat yana rufewa saboda ƙarancin zafin sanyaya. Idan mai sanyaya yana cikin ƙaramin zagaye, zafin jiki yana tashi da sauri kuma bawul ɗin thermostat yana buɗewa. A lokaci guda, mai sanyaya ƙarancin zafin jiki a cikin mai sanyaya radiator yana kwarara zuwa cikin jiki, don haka mai sanyaya ya sake hucewa, kuma bawul ɗin thermostat ɗin yana rufewa. Lokacin da zafin sanyaya ya sake tashi, bawul ɗin thermostat ɗin yana buɗewa. Har sai zafin dukkan mai sanyaya ya tabbata, bawul ɗin thermostat ɗin zai zama mai karko kuma ba zai buɗewa da rufewa akai-akai ba. Abin da ke faruwa cewa bawul ɗin thermostat ana buɗewa akai-akai kuma ana rufewa cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ana kiransa thermostat oscillation. Lokacin da wannan lamari ya faru, zai ƙara yawan amfani da mai na mota.
Ana iya shirya na'urar dumama zafi a cikin bututun fitar da ruwa na radiator. Wannan tsari zai iya rage ko kawar da yanayin juyawar na'urar dumama zafi, kuma zai iya daidaita zafin sanyaya iska daidai, amma tsarinsa yana da rikitarwa kuma farashin yana da yawa, kuma galibi ana amfani da shi a cikin motoci da motocin da ke da ƙarfin aiki waɗanda galibi ke tuƙi a cikin babban gudu a lokacin hunturu. [2]
Ingantawa ga Tsarin Ma'aunin Kakin zuma
Ingantawa a cikin Abubuwan Tuki Masu Sarrafa Zafin Jiki
Jami'ar Injiniya da Fasaha ta Shanghai ta ƙirƙiro wani sabon nau'in thermostat tare da paraffin thermostat a matsayin jiki na iyaye da kuma silinda mai siffar tagulla mai siffar silinda a matsayin abin da ke sarrafa zafin jiki. Thermostat yana karkatar da bazara lokacin da zafin silinda na farko na motar ya yi ƙasa, kuma spring ɗin alloy na matsewa yana sa babban bawul ya rufe kuma bawul ɗin taimako ya buɗe don ƙaramin zagaye. Lokacin da zafin sanyaya ya tashi zuwa wani ƙima, spring ɗin alloy na memory yana faɗaɗa kuma yana matse bias. Spring ɗin yana sa babban bawul na thermostat ya buɗe, kuma yayin da zafin sanyaya ya ƙaru, buɗewar babban bawul ɗin yana ƙaruwa a hankali, kuma bawul ɗin taimako yana rufewa a hankali don yin babban zagaye.
A matsayin na'urar sarrafa zafin jiki, kayan aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya suna sa aikin buɗe bawul ya canza cikin sauƙi tare da zafin jiki, wanda ke da amfani don rage tasirin damuwa na zafi na ruwan sanyi mai ƙarancin zafi a cikin tankin ruwa akan toshewar silinda lokacin da injin ƙonewa na ciki ya fara, kuma a lokaci guda yana inganta rayuwar sabis na thermostat. Duk da haka, ana gyara thermostat bisa ga thermostat ɗin kakin zuma, kuma ƙirar tsarin abin da ke sarrafa zafin jiki yana iyakance ga wani takamaiman lokaci.
Inganta Bawul
Na'urar dumama ruwa tana da tasirin rage gudu a kan ruwan sanyaya. Rashin ruwan sanyaya da ke gudana ta cikin na'urar dumama ruwa yana haifar da asarar wutar lantarki na injin ƙonewa na ciki, wanda ba za a iya watsi da shi ba. An tsara bawul ɗin a matsayin silinda mai sirara tare da ramuka a bangon gefe, kuma hanyar kwararar ruwa tana samuwa ta hanyar ramin gefe da ramin tsakiya, kuma ana amfani da tagulla ko aluminum a matsayin kayan bawul don sa saman bawul ɗin ya yi santsi, don rage juriya da inganta yanayin zafi na na'urar.
Inganta yanayin kwararar ruwa na matsakaiciyar sanyaya
Yanayin aiki mai kyau na injin ƙonawa na ciki shine zafin kan silinda yana da ƙasa kaɗan kuma zafin toshe silinda yana da yawa. Saboda wannan dalili, tsarin sanyaya mai raba-raba iai yana bayyana, kuma tsari da matsayin shigarwa na thermostat suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a ciki. Tsarin shigarwa na aikin haɗin gwiwar thermostats, an sanya thermostats guda biyu akan maƙallin iri ɗaya, an sanya firikwensin zafin jiki a thermostat na biyu, ana amfani da 1/3 na kwararar sanyaya don sanyaya toshe silinda, 2/3 Ana amfani da kwararar sanyaya don sanyaya kan silinda.
